1,000,000,000

The facts below give a sense of how large 1,000,000,000 (109) is in the context of time according to current scientific evidence: Time • 109 seconds (1 gigasecond) equal 11,574 days, 1 hour, 46 minutes and 40 seconds (approximately 31.7 years, or 31 years, 8 months, 8 days). • About 109 minutes ago, the Roman Empire was flourishing and Christianity was emerging. (109 minutes is roughly 1,901 years.) • About 109 hours ago, modern human beings and their ancestors were living in the Stone Age (more precisely, the Middle Paleolithic). (109 hours is roughly 114,080 years.) • About 109 days ago, Australopithecus, an ape-like creature related to an ancestor of modern humans, roamed the African savannas. (109 days is roughly years.) • About 109 months ago, dinosaurs walked the Earth during the late Cretaceous. (109 months is roughly years.) • About 109 years—a gigaannus—ago, the first multicellular eukaryotes appeared on Earth. • About 109 decades ago, the thin disk of the Milky Way started to form. (109 decades is exactly years.) • The universe is thought to be about 13.8 × 109 years old. Distance • 109 inches is , more than halfway around the world and thus sufficient to reach any point on the globe from any other point. • 109 metres (called a gigametre) is almost three times the distance from the Earth to the Moon. • 109 kilometres (called a terametre) is over six times the distance from the Earth to the Sun. Area • A billion square inches could make a square about one half mile on a side. • A bolt of finely woven 1000-TC bed sheet linen with a billion thread crossings would have an area of , comparable to the floor area of a motel unit. Volume • There are one billion cubic millimetres in a cubic metre, and a billion cubic metres in a cubic kilometre. • A billion grains of table salt or granulated sugar would occupy a volume of about . • A billion cubic inches would be a volume comparable to a large commercial building slightly larger than a typical supermarket. Weight • Any object that weighs would weigh about as much as 5,525 empty Boeing 747-400s. • A cube of iron that weighs would be on each side. Products • As of July 2016, Apple has sold one billion iPhones. This makes the iPhone one of the most successful product lines in history, surpassing the PlayStation and the Rubik's Cube. • As of January 2025, Facebook has 3.065 billion users. Nature • A small mountain, slightly larger than Stone Mountain in Georgia, United States, would weigh (have a mass of) a billion tons. • There are billions of worker ants in the largest ant colony in the world, which covers almost of the Mediterranean coast. • In 1804, the world population was one billion. Count A is a cube; B consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube A, C consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube B; and D consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube C. Thus there are A-sized cubes in C; and 1,000,000,000 A-sized cubes in D. ==Selected 10-digit numbers (1,000,000,000–9,999,999,999)==

1,000,000,000 to 1,999,999,999 • 1,000,000,007 : smallest prime number with 10 digits. • 1,000,006,281 : smallest triangular number with 10 digits and the 44,721st triangular number. • 1,000,014,129 = 316232, the smallest ten-digit square. • 1,003,003,001 = 10013. • 1,026,753,849 = 320432, the smallest pandigital square in base 10. • 1,069,863,695 : number of square (0,1)-matrices without zero rows and with exactly 9 entries equal to 1 • 1,073,741,824 = 327682 = 10243 = 645 = 326 = 810 = 415 = 230 • 1,073,742,724 : Leyland number using 2 and 30 (230 + 302) • 1,073,792,449 : Leyland number using 4 and 15 (415 + 154) • 1,093,104,961 : number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 28 nodes • 1,096,671,326 : number of uniform rooted trees with 26 nodes • 1,104,891,746 : number of partially ordered set with 12 unlabeled elements • 1,111,111,111 : repunit. • 1,129,760,415 : 23rd Motzkin number. • 1,134,903,170 : 45th Fibonacci number. • 1,160,290,625 = 655 • 1,162,261,467 = 319 • 1,162,268,326 : Leyland number using 3 and 19 (319 + 193) • 1,163,962,800 : smallest superabundant number that is not highly composite • 1,166,732,814 : number of signed trees with 17 nodes • 1,173,741,824 : Leyland number using 8 and 10 (810 + 108) • 1,220,703,125 = 513 • 1,221,074,418 : Leyland number using 5 and 13 (513 + 135) • 1,252,332,576 = 665 • 1,280,000,000 = 207 • 1,291,467,969 = 359372 = 10893 = 336 • 1,311,738,121 : 25th Pell number. • 1,350,125,107 = 675 • 1,382,958,545 : 15th Bell number. • 1,392,251,012 : number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 27 nucleotides • 1,405,695,061 : Markov prime. • 1,406,818,759 : 30th Wedderburn–Etherington number. • 1,421,542,641 : logarithmic number. • 1,453,933,568 = 685 • 1,464,407,113 : number of series-reduced trees with 39 nodes • 1,475,789,056 = 384162 = 1964 = 148 • 1,528,823,808 = 11523 • 1,533,776,805 : both pentagonal and triangular. • 1,544,804,416 = 393042 = 11563 = 346 • 1,564,031,349 = 695 • 1,606,879,040 : Dowling number • 1,626,557,542 : Is "QWERTY" in base 36. • 1,631,432,881 = 403912, square triangular number • 1,673,196,525 : Least common multiple of the odd integers from 1 to 25 • 1,677,922,740 : number of series-reduced planted trees with 36 nodes • 1,680,700,000 = 705 • 1,755,206,648 : coefficient of a ménage hit polynomial • 1,767,263,190 : The 19th Catalan number. • 1,787,109,376 : 1-automorphic number • 1,801,088,541 = 217 • 1,804,229,351 = 715 • 1,808,141,741 : number of partitions of 280 into divisors of 280 • 1,808,676,326 : number of 38-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent • 1,836,311,903 : 46th Fibonacci number. • 1,882,341,361 : The smallest prime whose reversal is a square triangular number (triangular of 57121). • 1,921,525,212 : number of partitions of 264 into divisors of 264 • 1,934,917,632 = 725 • 1,977,326,743 = 711 • 1,979,339,339 : largest right-truncatable prime in decimal, if 1 is considered to be a prime • 1,996,813,914 : Leyland number using 7 and 11 (711 + 117) 2,000,000,000 to 2,999,999,999 • 2,023,443,032 : number of trees with 28 unlabeled nodes • 2,038,074,743 : 100,000,000th prime number • 2,062,142,876 : number of centered hydrocarbons with 30 carbon atoms • 2,073,071,593 = 735 • 2,147,483,647 : 8th Mersenne prime, 3rd double Mersenne prime, and the largest signed 32-bit integer. • 2,147,483,648 = 231 • 2,147,484,609 : Leyland number using 2 and 31 (231 + 312) • 2,176,782,336 = 466562 = 12963 = 2164 = 366 = 612 • 2,179,768,320 : Leyland number using 6 and 12 (612 + 126) • 2,214,502,422 : 6th primary pseudoperfect number. • 2,219,006,624 = 745 • 2,222,222,222 : repdigit • 2,276,423,485 : number of ways to partition {1,2,...,12} and then partition each cell (block) into subcells. • 2,357,947,691 = 13313 = 119 • 2,373,046,875 = 755 • 2,494,357,888 = 227 • 2,521,008,887 : 4th Mills' prime • 2,535,525,376 = 765 • 2,562,890,625 = 506252 = 2254 = 158 • 2,565,726,409 = 506532 = 13693 = 376 • 2,573,571,875 = 55×77 • 2,695,730,992 : number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 29 nodes • 2,873,403,980 : number of uniform rooted trees with 27 nodes • 2,887,174,368 = 785 • 2,971,215,073 : 11th Fibonacci prime (47th Fibonacci number • 3,697,909,056 : number of primitive polynomials of degree 37 over GF(2) • 3,707,398,432 = 825 • 3,715,891,200 : double factorial of 20 • 3,735,928,559 = DEADBEEF16; used as a magic debug value in programming. • 3,735,929,054 = DEADC0DE16; used as a magic debug value in programming. • 3,939,040,643 = 835 4,000,000,000 to 4,999,999,999 • 4,096,000,000 = 640002 = 16003 = 406 • 4,118,054,813 : number of primes under 1011 • 4,182,119,424 = 845 • 4,294,967,291 : Largest prime 32-bit unsigned integer. • 4,294,967,295 : Maximum 32-bit unsigned integer (FFFFFFFF16), perfect totient number, product of all known Fermat primes F_0 through F_4. • 4,294,967,296 = 655362 = 2564 = 168 = 416 = 232 • 4,294,967,297 : F_5, the first composite Fermat number. • 4,294,968,320 : Leyland number using 2 and 32 (232 + 322) • 4,295,032,832 : Leyland number using 4 and 16 (416 + 164) • 4,437,053,125 = 855 • 4,444,444,444 : repdigit • 4,467,033,943 : number of parallelogram polyominoes with 28 cells. • 5,469,566,585 : number of trees with 29 unlabeled nodes • 5,904,900,000 = 905 6,000,000,000 to 6,999,999,999 • 6,103,515,625 = 781252 = 257 = 514 • 6,104,053,449 : Leyland number using 5 and 14 (514 + 145) • 6,210,001,000 : only self-descriptive number in base 10. • 6,227,020,800 = 13! • 6,240,321,451 = 915 • 6,321,363,049 = 795072 = 18493 = 436 • 6,469,693,230 : tenth primorial • 6,564,120,420 : The 20th Catalan number. 15th superior highly composite number, and the largest number to be both. 7,000,000,000 to 7,999,999,999 • 7,048,151,672 : number of 39-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed • 7,395,528,814 : number of series-reduced planted trees with 38 nodes • 8,589,869,056 : 6th perfect number. • 8,589,934,592 = 20483 = 811 = 233 • 8,589,935,681 : Leyland prime using 2 and 33 (233 + 332) • 8,622,571,758 : number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 29 nucleotides • 9,999,999,999 : largest 10-digit number, repdigit ==References==