Early years The 11th Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU), originally designated the 17th Marine Amphibious Unit (
MAU), formed at Camp Pendleton, California on 13 April 1979. The MAU was created to plan and participate in large-scale amphibious training exercises. In its early days, the unit also fulfilled requirements for a west coast based MAU to respond to contingencies, but was normally activated and deactivated based largely upon scheduled amphibious landing exercises directed by the Commander,
Third Fleet. During this time, the billet of MAU Commanding Officer alternated between Regimental and Aircraft Group Commanders who filled the billet in six-month increments as a secondary duty during their tenures in command. In 1983, the Marine Corps directed a change that resulted in the first renaming of the 17th MAU. The decision was made to "source" the continuously deployed Western Pacific (WESTPAC) MAUs from I Marine Amphibious Force units in
Southern California. Previously, their units came from the
1st Marine Brigade in Hawaii. This resulted in the renaming of the 17th MAU to the 11th MAU on 20 July 1984. A second name change took place on 5 February 1988, when the Marine Corps more clearly defined the multiple capabilities of its Marine Air-Ground Task Forces. "Amphibious" was changed to "Expeditionary," and the unit was given its current designation – the 11th Marine Expeditionary Unit. While the unit's designation has changed, the mission of the 11th MEU has remained largely unchanged. The MEU is an expeditionary intervention force with the ability to move quickly on short notice, to wherever needed to accomplish conventional or special operations. The strength of the MEU (Special Operations Capable) resides in the inherent combined arms capability while operating from forward-deployed amphibious shipping.
1990s In order to accomplish this mission, the MEU's continually train to maintain the required combat readiness, while simultaneously fulfilling worldwide training and contingency commitments. The 11th MEU has completed several major deployments to the
Western Pacific, Indian Ocean, and
Persian Gulf. It has participated in numerous training exercises/operations from the coast of California to the shores of
Somalia, and as far inland as
Bujumbura, Burundi and in Central Africa. From January–April 1991, the 11th MEU formed the main portion of the Command Element of the reconstituted 5th Marine Expeditionary Brigade and participated in
Operations Desert Shield and
Desert Storm, Southwest Asia. The 11th MEU was an integral component of the Amphibious deception plan that fixed a number of Iraqi divisions on the coast to defend against an expected amphibious assault. As the invasion of Kuwait grew imminent, portions of the MEU landed at Al Mishab and Al Jubayl to act as the 1st MEF reserve. After the liberation of Kuwait, the 11th MEU was re-formed and stayed in the Persian Gulf after Desert Storm for a number of months performing a presence mission, finally returning to Camp Pendleton in late summer of 1991. In 1995, the 11th MEU(SOC) participated in the exfiltration of General Hussein Kamel Hassan al-Majid and his brother, an Iraqi Colonel. Both were married to Saddam's daughters and were his 2nd Cousins. The families defected under the support and cover of the 11th MEU(SOC) and were escorted to King Hussein of Jordan. Transfer and delivery of the defectors was at the Jordanian King Faisal Air Force Base, where King Hussein of Jordan kept a personal ready room. During its 1998 deployment, the 11th MEU conducted
Operation Safe Departure. This was a Noncombatant Evacuation Operation, which took place in Asmara,
Eritrea, on 6 June 1998. The evacuation of noncombatant civilians and third-world nationals was conducted as a precautionary measure to ensure their safety in the midst of a heated border dispute between Eritrea and
Ethiopia. All total, 172 persons, to include 105 Americans, were safely evacuated to
Amman, Jordan, via
KC-130 aerial transport. During its 1999 deployment, the 11th MEU supported
Operation Stabilise in East Timor from 25 October 1999 to 27 November 1999. The MEU was called on to provide support to International Forces,
East Timor (INTERFET), delivering more than 1.5 million pounds of food and supplies to the Australian-led peacekeeping forces and East Timorese.
Iraq , Iraq, on the eve of the
2005 parliamentary elections, January 29, 2005 On 24 February 2003, the 11th MEU Command Element deployed to
Kuwait in support of
Operation Enduring Freedom and later
Operation Iraqi Freedom. On 5 March 2003, the Commanding General,
I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF), designated the 11th MEU as Task Force Yankee (TFY), named in memory of the victims of the
11 September terrorist attacks. The following units were soon attached to the new task force:
2nd Battalion, 6th Marines; Sensitive Site Team No. 3, 75th Exploitation Task Force, U.S. Army; and Company C,
478th Engineer Battalion, U.S. Army. TFY's responsibilities were varied and challenging. They included: planning and operation of the MEF Enemy Prisoner of War (EPW) temporary holding facility; force protection for Camp Commando, MEF Main in Iraq, ships transiting uncertain waters in the region, and MEF's primary ammunition supply point; initial investigations of suspected
Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) sites; coordination of security plans for designated air bases, logistic support areas and lines of communication in Iraq; and Phase IV planning. The 11th MEU returned to the United States on 20 May 2003.
Battle of Najaf On 31 July 2004, the 11th Marine Expeditionary Unit, under the Polish-led
Multinational Division Central-South (MND-CS), assumed operational control of the Iraqi provinces of
An Najaf and
Al Qadisiyah from
Task Force Dragon, composed of elements of the
1st Infantry Division. In August 2004, the MEU, led an assault consisting of
1st Battalion, 4th Marines; 1st Battalion,
5th Cavalry Regiment,
1st Cavalry Division; and 2nd Battalion,
7th Cavalry Regiment,
1st Cavalry Division, against the
Islamist Mahdi Army of
Muqtada al-Sadr in
Najaf. The
battle ended with a negotiated ceasefire later that month. The MEU remained in Najaf until February 2005 overseeing reconstruction and solatia payments.
Other 2000s to 2020s From November 2007 until 2 June 2008 the 11th MEU was deployed throughout the western Pacific and Persian Gulf. During this float they took part in exercises in the
Horn of Africa and Kuwait. In March 2017, the 11th MEU deployed to
Syria as part of
Operation Inherent Resolve, where they set up a firebase to provide support, particularly artillery support, to US-backed forces in the upcoming assault to liberate
Raqqa from
ISIS occupation.
2026 Iran war On 19 March 2026, it was reported that the 11th MEU had embarked on the -led
Amphibious Ready Group (ARG) which was being put on an advanced deployment from
San Diego to support
Operation Epic Fury in the
Middle East. The ARG included '''' and . The ARG would join the
Tripoli Amphibious Ready Group that is already underway with the
31st MEU. There are around 2,500 Marine Corps personnel of the total of 4,000 service members in the fleet. The sailors and Marines have shortened their leave following certification and training in order to accelerate their deployment. ==At home==