By place Europe •
February 25 –
Battle of Montebruno:
Guelph forces under
Thomas II of Savoy invade the Ghibelline territory of
Asti (located in the
Piedmont region), but he is defeated by the Astigiani army, led by
William VII, at
Garzigliana (Northern
Italy). Thomas retreats and takes refuge in
Turin; however, he is later captured by the
Ghibellines. •
May –
William of Rubruck from
Constantinople returns to
Cyprus from his missionary journey to convert the
Mongols of central and eastern
Asia; his efforts have been unsuccessful. • Emperor
Theodore II Laskaris, who is in exile in the
Empire of Nicaea, conducts a military campaign to recover
Thrace from the Bulgarians. • King
Afonso III of Portugal ("the Boulonnais") moves his residence and royal court from
Lisbon to
Coimbra, which becomes the capital of
Portugal. • The
Teutonic Knights in
Prussia found
Königsberg (modern-day
Kaliningrad) and name it in honour of King
Ottokar II of Bohemia. • The lands of the
House of Nassau are divided between the brothers
Walram II and
Otto I, not to be reunited until
1806.
The British Isles • June –
Battle of Bryn Derwin:
Llywelyn ap Gruffudd defeats his two brothers
Dafydd ap Gruffydd and
Owain Goch ap Gruffydd, to become sole ruler of northern
Wales. Dafydd and Owain are both imprisoned. • August – Following the death of
Little Saint Hugh, in an instance of
blood libel, eighteen Jews of
Lincoln, are tortured and executed by royal command on suspicion of being involved in the boy's murder.
By topic Art and Culture • The
Gothic cathedral at
Bourges in central
France, is completed (it will become a
UNESCO World Heritage Site).
City and Towns • The town of
Banská Bystrica (located in central
Slovakia) is granted municipal privileges by King
Béla IV of Hungary.
Market •
Orlando Bonsignori, an Italian minor merchant, forms a consortium called the
Gran Tavola ("Great Table"), which becomes the most powerful bank in western
Europe. He becomes the exclusive banker for the deposits of the income of the
Papal States. == Births ==