On January 10, 1966, Georgia state representatives voted 184–12 not to seat
Julian Bond, one of the eleven African-American members, because he had publicly endorsed
SNCC's policy regarding
opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War. They disliked his stated sympathy for persons who were "unwilling to respond to a military draft". A three-judge panel on the
United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia ruled in a 2–1 decision that the Georgia House had not violated any of Bond's constitutional rights. In 1966, the
Supreme Court of the United States ruled 9–0 in the case of
Bond v. Floyd (385 U.S. 116) that the Georgia House of Representatives had denied Bond his
freedom of speech and was required to seat him. ==Party standing==