1854 in Canada

• Monarch — Victoria Federal government • Parliament — 4th then 5th Governors • Governor General of the Province of Canada — James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, Edmund Walker Head • Colonial Governor of Newfoundland — Charles Henry Darling • Governor of New Brunswick — Edmund Walker Head, John Manners-Sutton • Governor of Nova Scotia — John Gaspard Le Marchant • Governor of Prince Edward Island — Dominick Daly Premiers • Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada — • Francis Hincks, Canada West Premier • Augustin-Norbert Morin, Canada East Premier • Premier of New Brunswick — Charles Fisher • Premier of Nova Scotia — James Boyle Uniacke • Premier of Prince Edward Island — John Holl ==Events==

• January 27 – The Great Western Railway opens, linking Toronto, Hamilton and Windsor. • June 6 – The Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty is signed. • October 27 – A Great Western Railway passenger train collides with the tail end of gravel train at Baptiste Creek, Canada West. At least 52 people are killed. • Establishment of the African Baptist Association of Nova Scotia. • St. Joseph's Academy for Young Ladies, later to be known as St. Joseph's College School, was founded by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Toronto. • Sale of the Clergy Reserves in Canada West marking the end of any form of established religion in Canada. ==Births==

• April 13 – William Henry Drummond, poet (died 1907) • May 21 – Edward Gawler Prior, mining engineer, politician and Premier of British Columbia (died 1920) • June 8 – Douglas Colin Cameron, politician and Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba (died 1921) • June 26 – Robert Borden, lawyer, politician and 8th Prime Minister of Canada (died 1937) • August 29 – Arthur Peters, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1908) • September 1 – James Alexander Lougheed, businessman and politician (died 1925) ==Deaths==

• January 20 – Denis-Benjamin Papineau, joint premier of the Province of Canada (born 1789) • September 19 – Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet, army officer and colonial administrator (born 1784) == References ==