Market1869 Atlantic hurricane season
Company Profile

1869 Atlantic hurricane season

The 1869 Atlantic hurricane season was the earliest season in the Atlantic hurricane database in which there were at least ten tropical cyclones. Initially there were only three known storms in the year, but additional research uncovered the additional storms. Meteorologist Christopher Landsea estimates up to six storms may remain missing from the official database for each season in this era, due to small tropical cyclone size, sparse ship reports, and relatively unpopulated coastlines. All activity occurred in a three-month period between the middle of August and early October.

Timeline
ImageSize = width:800 height:200 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/08/1869 till:01/11/1869 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/08/1869 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.43,0.76,0.92) legend:Tropical_Depression_=_≤38_mph_(≤62_km/h) id:TS value:rgb(0.3,1,1) legend:Tropical_Storm_=_39–73_mph_(63–117_km/h) id:C1 value:rgb(1,1,0.85) legend:Category_1_=_74–95_mph_(118–153_km/h) id:C2 value:rgb(1,0.85,0.55) legend:Category_2_=_96–110_mph_(154–177_km/h) id:C3 value:rgb(1,0.62,0.35) legend:Category_3_=_111–129_mph_(178–208_km/h) id:C4 value:rgb(1,0.45,0.54) legend:Category_4_=_130–156_mph_(209–251_km/h) id:C5 value:rgb(0.55,0.46,0.90) legend:Category_5_=_≥157_mph_(≥252_km/h) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:12/08/1869 till:12/08/1869 color:C2 text:"One (C2)" from:16/08/1869 till:17/08/1869 color:C2 text:"Two (C2)" from:27/08/1869 till:27/08/1869 color:C1 text:"Three (C1)" from:01/09/1869 till:02/09/1869 color:TS text:"Four (TS)" from:04/09/1869 till:06/09/1869 color:C1 text:"Five (C1)" from:07/09/1869 till:09/09/1869 color:C3 text:"Six (C3)" from:11/09/1869 till:18/09/1869 color:C2 text:"Seven (C2)" barset:break from:14/09/1869 till:14/09/1869 color:TS text:"Eight (TS)" from:01/10/1869 till:01/10/1869 color:TS text:"Nine (TS)" from:04/10/1869 till:05/10/1869 color:C2 text:"Ten (C2)" bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/08/1869 till:01/09/1869 text:August from:01/09/1869 till:01/10/1869 text:September from:01/10/1869 till:01/11/1869 text:October TextData = pos:(570,30) text:"(From the" pos:(617,30) text:"Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale)" ==Systems==
Systems
Hurricane One The first tropical cyclone of the season was observed on August 12, about southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland. Its entire track was unknown, and its existence was only confirmed for 24 hours, based on three ship reports. The second, a barque, the Prinze Frederik Carl, sustained damage to all of its sails. The Hurricane Research Division (HRD) assessed the storm to have moved northeastward in its limited duration, and based on the ship reports estimated peak winds of ; this would make it a Category 2 hurricane on the modern-day Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Hurricane Two The Lower Texas Coast Hurricane of 1869 By August 16, a strong hurricane was located in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico south of Louisiana. With estimated winds of , it tracked westward and struck Texas on Matagorda Island before passing near Refugio. The hurricane quickly weakened over land and dissipated late on August 17. Damage from the hurricane was heaviest in Refugio and Indianola. In the latter city, strong waves damaged wharves and boats while the storm surge flooded the streets with about of water. Intense winds knocked down several houses as well as a church, and many buildings lost their roofs. In Sabine Pass, the winds ruined a variety of fruit crops. Hurricane Three The third hurricane of the season was only known due to it affecting one ship. A vessel in the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company reported a hurricane on August 27, about halfway between Bermuda and the Azores. The storm was estimated to have been moving north-northwestward with winds of , although its entire track is unknown. It was one of three hurricanes, along with the 1938 New England hurricane and Hurricane Carol in 1954, to strike New England as a major hurricane, or Category 3 or higher on the Saffir-Simpson scale. At landfall, the hurricane was compact, estimated around wide. However, less than west of the center, there were no strong winds. Shortly thereafter it dissipated over Maine. Offshore Maine, a schooner capsized, killing all but one of the twelve crew. The storm also caused at least $50,000 (1869 USD) in damage in Maine alone. Hurricane Seven A ship about halfway between South America and Cape Verde reported a hurricane on September 11. The storm tracked generally west-northwestward, affecting several other ships with damaging winds. On September 15, a ship traveling from St. Thomas to England encountered the hurricane and observed a minimum barometric pressure of ; The strongest winds did not affect Massachusetts, although a few hours later the hurricane struck just east of Portland, Maine at peak intensity. The high tides surpassed the dykes across New Brunswick and left widespread flooding, killing many cattle and sheep and washing away roads. In the Cumberland Basin, the floods washed two boats about inland. In Moncton, water levels rose about higher than the previous highest level. There were 37 deaths between Maine, New Brunswick, and New York. == See also ==
tickerdossier.comtickerdossier.substack.com