Market1883 Atlantic hurricane season
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1883 Atlantic hurricane season

The 1883 Atlantic hurricane season featured only four known tropical cyclones, though three of them caused fatalities. Of the four storms, three of them strengthened into hurricanes, while two of those intensified into a major hurricane. However, in the absence of modern satellite and other remote-sensing technologies, only storms that affected populated land areas or encountered ships at sea were recorded, so the actual total could be higher. An exclusion of zero to six tropical cyclones per year between 1851 and 1885 and zero to four per year between 1886 and 1910 has been estimated.

Season summary
ImageSize = width:800 height:200 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/08/1883 till:01/11/1883 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/08/1883 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.43,0.76,0.92) legend:Tropical_Depression_=_≤38_mph_(≤62_km/h) id:TS value:rgb(0.3,1,1) legend:Tropical_Storm_=_39–73_mph_(63–117_km/h) id:C1 value:rgb(1,1,0.85) legend:Category_1_=_74–95_mph_(118–153_km/h) id:C2 value:rgb(1,0.85,0.55) legend:Category_2_=_96–110_mph_(154–177_km/h) id:C3 value:rgb(1,0.62,0.35) legend:Category_3_=_111–129_mph_(178–208_km/h) id:C4 value:rgb(1,0.45,0.54) legend:Category_4_=_130–156_mph_(209–251_km/h) id:C5 value:rgb(0.55,0.46,0.90) legend:Category_5_=_≥157_mph_(≥252_km/h) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:18/08/1883 till:27/08/1883 color:C1 text:"One (C1)" from:24/08/1883 till:30/08/1883 color:C3 text:"Two (C3)" from:04/09/1883 till:13/09/1883 color:C3 text:"Three (C3)" from:22/10/1883 till:24/10/1883 color:TS text:"Four (TS)" bar:Month width:15 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/08/1883 till:01/09/1883 text:August from:01/09/1883 till:01/10/1883 text:September from:01/10/1883 till:01/11/1883 text:October TextData = pos:(570,30) text:"(From the" pos:(617,30) text:"Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale)" The Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT) recognizes four tropical cyclones for the 1883 season. Of the four systems, three intensified into a hurricane, while two of those strengthened into a major hurricane. In the early 21st century, the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project also did not increase or decrease the number of storms and made few significant changes from Fernández-Partagás and Diaz. the latter figure entirely associated with the third system. The season's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 67, more than the previous two seasons despite featuring fewer tropical storms. ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have higher values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here. == Systems ==
Systems
Hurricane One The Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT) begins the track for this cyclone about east-northeast of the Leeward Islands on August 18, one day before being encountered by the bark B. F. Watson. Initially a tropical storm, the system moved on a west-northwestward path that gradually became more northwestward. Late on August 21, the storm turned north-northwestward and intensified into a hurricane early the next day while situated southwest of Bermuda. The cyclone then turned northeastward on August 23 and continued to slowly strengthen. Late on August 26, the ship Finchley observed a barometric pressure of , the lowest associated with the storm. However, the hurricane lost tropical characteristics and on August 27, it transitioned into an extratropical cyclone about northeast of Newfoundland. The extratropical cyclone dissipated northwest of the British Isles on August 28. The hurricane wreaked havoc on ships over the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. According to a September 1 report in The New York Times, 100 dories were lost and a total of 80 deaths occurred, though The Times of London noted on September 6 that 30 vessels remained missing. The latter also declared that "immense damage has been done to shipping." Hurricane Two {{Infobox Hurricane Small On August 24, the bark N. Boynton encountered a hurricane to the northeast of the Leeward Islands, In Nova Scotia, strong winds impacted Halifax, where two yachts and a number of other vessels became stranded or capsized. Crops, especially grain, suffered extensive damage in southern Ireland, leading to concerns about the renewal of rent agitation. In Great Britain, barometers fell to as low as at Pembroke, Wales. two from the Christiana, and one from an unnamed vessel at Padstow, while the rough seas swept one person off the Ajax. However, the storm also caused some waterways to fall to abnormally low tides, interfering with boat traffic on the River Thames. One person on the Cartago Nova was swept overboard and drowned in the Bay of Biscay. Chenoweth initiates the track for this storm as a tropical depression about halfway between the Lesser Antilles and Cabo Verde Islands on August 20. The system reaches tropical storm intensity on August 21 and then hurricane status late the next day. Chenoweth also proposed a more northeasterly track of the extratropical cyclone across the British Isles, before it dissipated over the North Sea on September 3. Several other islands experienced impacts due to the hurricane, particularly Dominica, with the Bristol Mercury reporting that damage on the island totaled "not less than £100,000" (nearly $482,000). In the Bahamas, the hurricane left few homes undamaged in Nassau and toppled many fences, walls, and trees. The Nassau Guardian reported that almost 100 ships sustained serious damage or capsized and that the storm killed approximately 50 people. Across North Carolina, the hurricane toppled trees, fences, light buildings, and telegraph and telephone lines. Several vessels were wrecked off the North Carolina coast and flooding occurred along the Cape Fear River. Smithville (present-day Southport) reported $8,000-$10,000 in damage, although this figure likely did not include many of the vessels capsized there. A total of 53 deaths occurred in North Carolina. Rains from this storm in Virginia helped end a summer-long drought but any benefit was minimal, as the peanut crop had already failed from the lack of precipitation. At Nottoway, heavy rain from the cyclone may have led to a train with 10 freight cars derailing. A reanalysis study by Chenoweth initiated the track for this storm as a tropical depression to the southwest of the Cabo Verde Islands on September 2. The depression moved generally northwestward and strengthened into a tropical storm later that day and a hurricane by September 4. Chenoweth argues that the cyclone weakened to a tropical storm early on September 7 due to its passage over Hispaniola, before becoming a hurricane again several hours later. Additionally, Chenoweth theorizes that the cyclone held major hurricane status for a second stint over the Bahamas on September 9. Chenoweth proposed the removal of this storm from HURDAT as part of his reanalysis study, published in 2014, noting "Insufficient supporting evidence from other neighboring data sources." Other storms Chenoweth proposed four other storms not currently listed in HURDAT. The first such storm formed over the northwestern Caribbean on September 16. Moving generally west-northward, the system made landfall near Tulum, Quintana Roo, early on September 20. After emerging into the Bay of Campeche about 24 hours later, the cyclone turned southwestward and struck near Paraíso, Tabasco, on September 22, shortly before dissipating. Around the same time that the previous storm developed, another system formed on September 16 just southwest of the Cabo Verde Islands. This storm headed generally northwestward through September 20, before tracking in a more northeastward direction. Late the following day, the system transitioned into an extratropical cyclone northwest of the Azores. On October 6, another proposed storm formed southeast of Bermuda. After passing just south of the island late on October 9, the cyclone moved generally westward until becoming extratropical offshore South Carolina on October 12. Chenoweth's fourth and final proposed system formed northeast of the Lesser Antilles on December 8. The storm moved southward through the following day, when it turned westward, but then the cyclone turned northeastward on December 10. Late on December 11, the cyclone dissipated southeast of Bermuda. ==Season effects==
Season effects
This is a table of all of the known storms that have formed in the 1883 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their duration, landfall, damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 1883 USD. == See also ==
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