1934 in the Soviet Union

• General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Joseph Stalin • Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets – Mikhail Kalinin • Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union – Vyacheslav Molotov ==Events==

• January 26 – February 10 — 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) • September 18 — Soviet Union joins the League of Nations as a permanent Board member Undated • Plans for the new T-34 tank are first drawn up • Second Five Year plan underway ==Births==

• January 4 — Zurab Tsereteli, Georgian painter, sculptor and architect (d. 2025) • January 7 — Viktor Pavlovich Potapov, military officer (d. 2021) • February 1 — Marina Kondratyeva, ballerina (d. 2024) • February 2 — Otar Iosseliani, Georgian film director (d. 2023) • February 7 — Murtaza Rakhimov, 1st President of Bashkortostan (d. 2023) • March 1 — Elmira Gafarova, 14th Chairwoman of the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan (d. 1993) • March 9 — Yuri Gagarin, first man in space (d. 1968) • March 12 — Vladimir Stolnikov, boxer (d. 1990) • March 23 — Ludvig Faddeev, physicist and mathematician (d. 2017) • April 3 — Alexander Dzasokhov, 2nd President of North Ossetia • April 7 — Lev Anninsky, Russian literary critic, historian and screenwriter (d. 2019) • May 4 — Tatiana Samoilova, actress (d. 2014) • May 8 — Anastasiya Kobzarenko, librarian • May 13 — Yury Morozov, football player and coach (d. 2005) • May 14 — Nikolay Gusakov, nordic combined skier (d. 1991) • May 29 — Nikolai Bakhvalov, mathematician (d. 2005) • May 30 — Alexei Leonov, cosmonaut and aviator (d. 2019) • June 6 — Yuri Korolev, ice hockey administrator and coach (d. 2026) • June 14 — Viktor Bortsov, theatrical and cinema actor (d. 2008) • June 22 — Otto Latsis, Russian journalist (d. 2005) • July 13 — Aleksei Yeliseyev, cosmonaut • August 2 — Valery Bykovsky, cosmonaut (d. 2019) • August 10 — Valeri Urin, football player and coach (d. 2023) • August 11 — Viktor Tolmachev, engineer (d. 2018) • August 21 — Gennadiy Aygi, Chuvash poet and translator (d. 2006) • August 29 — Gennady Kazmin, politician (d. 2018) • August 30 — Anatoly Solonitsyn, actor (d. 1982) • September 1 — Mikhail Lapshin, 4th Head of the Altai Republic (d. 2006) • September 4 — Eduard Khil, baritone (d. 2012) • September 13 — Tamara Milashkina, soprano (d. 2024) • September 16 — Tamara Manina, artistic gymnast • September 19 — Apas Jumagulov, 3rd Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan • October 13 — Savely Kramarov, actor and comedian (d. 1995) • November 9 — Tengiz Sigua, 2nd Prime Minister of Georgia (d. 2020) • December 3 — Viktor Gorbatko, cosmonaut (d. 2017) • December 8 — Alisa Freindlich, actress • December 15 — Stanislav Shushkevich, 1st Chairman of the Supreme Council of Belarus (d. 2022) • December 18 — Boris Volynov, cosmonaut ==Deaths==

• May 10 — Vyacheslav Menzhinsky, 2nd Chairman of the OPGU (b. 1874) • June 11 — Lev Vygotsky, psychologist (b. 1896) • July 6 — Nestor Makhno, anarchist (b. 1888) • July 14 — Valerian Dovgalevsky, 5th People's Commissar of the Posts and Telegraphs of the Russian SFSR (b. 1885) • October 14 — Mikhail Matyushin, painter and composer (b. 1861) • December 1 — Sergei Kirov, 8th First Secretary of the Leningrad City Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1886) ==References==