Incumbent
Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. resigned from the Senate on February 3, 1944, to return to active duty in the
U.S. Army during
World War II. Despite initial reporting that Governor
Leverett Saltonstall would resign so that Lieutenant Governor
Horace T. Cahill could appoint him to the vacant seat, he chose not to. Instead, on February 8, Saltonstall appointed
Sinclair Weeks, whom Lodge had narrowly defeated at the party convention in 1936. A special election was scheduled on November 7, concurrent with the regularly scheduled elections to state and national office. ==Republican primary==