The 1956–57 Eerste Divisie was the first season in the history of the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of football in the Netherlands. The league had been divided in two, with an Eerste Divisie A and an Eerste Divisie B, each comprising 16 teams. The two champions, ADO Den Haag and Blauw-Wit Amsterdam, were promoted to the Eredivisie, while the teams finishing last in each division, Emma and EBOH, both of Dordrecht, were relegated to the Tweede Divisie.