On December 11, the shooters, both of whom were killed by police during the siege, were identified as
David Nathaniel Anderson (age 47) and his girlfriend
Francine Graham (age 50). Anderson and Graham were suspects in the murder of
Uber driver Michael Rumberger in
Bayonne the weekend prior to the attack, on December 7. Rumberger's blood was found on a Bible that belonged to the assailants, and his
DNA was on their clothes and one weapon. Anderson and Graham were also suspects in an incident a week before the Jersey City shooting, when on December 3, two shots were fired at a vehicle which was being driven by a person who was clearly identifiable as being Jewish, on
U.S. Route 1/9 near
Newark and
Elizabeth, New Jersey. The vehicle's rear window was shot out. Graham's phone was in the area at the time of the shooting, and it was later determined the
ballistics matched a gun linked to the two assailants. In January 2020, officials announced that evidence showed that Anderson and Graham had planned much larger attacks against both the Jewish community and law enforcement which could have resulted in dozens of casualties or more, but that the intervention by Detective Seals had disrupted these. Anderson had made hundreds of posts on social media that were
antisemitic,
anti-police, or both. Anderson identified as a
Black Hebrew Israelite, a movement which has no connection to mainstream Judaism and parts of which are listed as hate groups by the
Southern Poverty Law Center, and social media posts by Anderson, sometimes under the alias "Dawad Maccabee," invoked tenets of Black Israelite philosophy; A former neighbor recalled Anderson spending considerable time listening to what the neighbor believed were sermons by
Louis Farrakhan, but other posts by Anderson accused Farrakhan of being a "rat" and a "con" for posing in photos with the members of the
Neturei Karta, an extremist Orthodox Jewish sect. Footage from inside the kosher supermarket records Anderson saying: "They stole our heritage, they stole our birthright, and they hired these guys to stop us."
Attorney General of New Jersey Gurbir Grewal stated that evidence indicated acts of hate and domestic terrorism fueled both by "hatred of the Jewish people and hatred of law enforcement." == Aftermath ==