The army was reformed on 15 November 1941 on the
Southern Front for a counterattack in the
Rostov area against the German
1st Panzer Army. These actions facilitated the
9th and
56th Armies' liberation of
Rostov-on-Don. The army took part in the
Barvenkovo-Lozovaya Offensive from 18 to 31 January 1942 with the goal of destroying the German Army in southern Ukraine. The army conducted defensive operations during the summer and autumn of 1942 in reaction to
Case Blue, the German offensive in
southern Russia. The army was transferred from the Southern Front to the Don Group of the
North Caucasian Front (first formation) in late July and then the
Transcaucasian Front in August 1942. As part of the
North Caucasian Strategic Offensive, in January 1943, the army liberated the towns of
Kislovodsk,
Pyatigorsk,
Essentuki, and
Cherkessk. The army was transferred to the
North Caucasian Front (second formation) on 24 January to participate in the Krasnodar Offensive. In July, the army forces were reassigned to the 9th and 56th Armies and the 37th Army was placed under
Stavka control. On 7 September 1943, the army was assigned to the
Steppe Front. The army took part in the liberation of
Left-bank Ukraine east of
Kremenchug. In late September, it crossed the Dnieper River west of Keleberda and northwest of Mishurin Rog. The army was involved in offensive operations in the
Krivoy Rog area from October to December. On 15 January 1944, the army was transferred to the
3rd Ukrainian Front. It participated in the
Odessa Offensive in conjunction with the
46th Army. From 8 August, the army participated in the
Second Jassy–Kishinev Offensive, and in September, in the . By the end of September, its troops reached the settlements of
Kazanlak,
Yambol, and
Burgas, where the army's combat history ended. The army remained in Bulgaria as a garrison for the rest of the war, and was redesignated as the 37th Separate Army on 15 December.
Composition The army had the following units assigned when formed: •
51st Rifle Division •
96th Rifle Division •
99th Rifle Division •
216th Rifle Division •
253rd Rifle Division •
295th Rifle Division Forces assigned on 7 September 1943 upon attachment to the Steppe Front: • 57th Rifle Corps •
82nd Rifle Corps •
53rd Rifle Division Forces assigned at the end of the war. •
34th Rifle Corps •
259th Rifle Division •
353rd Rifle Division •
394th Rifle Division •
66th Rifle Corps •
195th Rifle Division •
244th Rifle Division •
333rd Rifle Division •
82nd Rifle Corps •
28th Guards Rifle Division •
92nd Guards Rifle Division •
188th Rifle Division • 255th Naval Rifle Brigade • 35th Antiaircraft Artillery Division • Artillery, tank and engineer units. ==Post-war==