The regiment was formed in Pike County, Illinois, in August 1862 by Colonel George W.K. Bailey. The 99th Illinois Infantry was organized at
Florence, Illinois and mustered into Federal service on August 23, 1862. The regiment immediately moved to
Benton Barracks in
St. Louis, Missouri, to receive equipment before being attached to the District of Rolla. The 99th Regiment spent its first winter in southern Missouri, where they engaged in skirmishes at Beaver Creek and participated in the
Battle of Hartsville, resulting in 35 casualties. In early 1863, the regiment traveled through West Plains and Pilot Knob before departing for Louisiana to join the Vicksburg Campaign. The regiment was mustered out on July 31, 1865, and discharged at
Springfield, Illinois, on August 9, 1865. ==Total strength and casualties==