Arthur Berriedale Keith was born in
Edinburgh, the fourth child and third son of Davidson Keith (1842–1921), an advertising agent, and Margaret Stobie Keith,
née Drysdale (1851–1911). All his five siblings were associated with the British Empire in Burma and India:
Sir William John Keith KCSI, ICS, was acting governor of Burma in 1925, R. C. Steuart Keith (1876-1919) was a sessions judge in Burma, Alan Davidson Keith (died 1928) was a barrister in Burma. Both of his sisters married British expatriates in the region. Keith was educated at the
Royal High School, Edinburgh, the
University of Edinburgh (MA 1897; DLitt 1914), and
Balliol College, Oxford (BA 1900; BCL 1905; DCL 1911). At Oxford he took
firsts in
Classical Moderations (1899), in Sanskrit and Pali (1900), and in
Literae humaniores (1901). He was
called to the bar by the
Inner Temple in 1904 and became a member of the
Faculty of Advocates in 1921. He joined the
Colonial Office as a clerk in 1901, having ranked first in the Home and Indian civil service examinations; he was said to have received the highest marks ever. He remained in the department until 1914, except for a period with the
Crown Agents from 1903 to 1905. From 1912 to 1914 he was private secretary to the permanent under-secretary,
Sir John Anderson. In 1914, he became Regius Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative Philology at the University of Edinburgh. In 1927 he additionally became Lecturer on the Constitution of the British Empire. Keith was elected an International Member of the
American Philosophical Society in 1935. Keith was awarded an honorary LLD from the
University of Leeds in 1936. He was elected a
Fellow of the British Academy in 1935, but resigned in 1939. He is buried in
Grange Cemetery in
Edinburgh with his wife, Margaret Balfour Allan (died 1934). The grave lies on the south side of the central vaults, adjacent to the central archway through the vaults. == Works ==