John Paul Vann became an adviser to the
Army of the Republic of Vietnam in 1962. He was an ardent critic of how the war was fought by the government of
South Vietnam, which he viewed as corrupt and incompetent, and increasingly, on the part of the U.S. military. He was critical of the U.S. military command, especially under
Paul Harkins and its inability to adapt to the fact that it was facing a popular
guerrilla movement while backing a corrupt regime. He argued that many of the tactics employed (for example the
Strategic Hamlet Program of relocation) further alienated the population and were counterproductive to U.S. objectives. He was often unable to influence the military command but used the Saigon press corps including Sheehan,
David Halberstam and
Malcolm Browne to disseminate his views. The prologue recounts Vann's funeral on June 16, 1972, after his death in a helicopter crash in Vietnam. Sheehan, a friend, had attended the funeral. The subsequent account is divided into seven "books" detailing Vann's career in Vietnam and America's involvement in the conflict. • Book I tells of Vann's assignment to Vietnam in 1962. • Book II "The Antecedents to a Confrontation" tells of the origin of the Vietnam War. • Book III gives a detailed account of the shambolic
Battle of Ap Bac on January 2, 1963, in which the South Vietnamese army suffered a humiliating defeat at the hands of the
Viet Cong. • Book IV details Vann's criticism of the way the war was being fought, his conflict with the U.S. military command and his retirement from the Army in mid-1963. • Book V tracks back to give Vann's personal history before his involvement in the war, explaining how his career path to becoming a
general officer was likely truncated by serial adulteries and the
statutory rape of an Army chaplain's 15-year-old daughter. • Books VI and VII give an account of Vann's return to Vietnam in 1965 as an official of the
Agency for International Development and his doomed attempt to implement a winning strategy for the U.S. Army and how he eventually compromised with the military system he once criticized. Sheehan describes Vann as having led more American troops in direct combat than any other civilian in US history. Vann had retired from the Army by then. ==Reception and influence==