The abbey is situated on a rocky prominence above a floodplain of an arm of the Loire River. During its heyday, it controlled the revenues of a number of priories and other properties. Some historians hold that the abbey was founded in 1160 for sixteen monks who migrated from another abbey. The earliest documented date for the abbey is 1161, with a reference to "Ernaud, abbot of Blanche-Couronne" in documents pertaining to a property dispute. In 1234, a papal bull issued by
Pope Gregory IX conferred special privileges on the abbey and put it under the "
rule of Saint Benedict and the institution of the
Cistercians". In 1236, the abbot asked for the abbey to be affiliated with the Cistercians, and in 1336, a new papal bull from
Pope Benedict XI placed it under the Cistercians. Then in 1410, the French Pope
John XXIII placed it under the Benedictines. Starting in the 16th century, a series of
commendatory abbots — often laymen appointed by the king but also prelates like
Jean, Cardinal of Lorraine — began the financial ruination of the abbey. The abbey underwent a revival in the early-mid 18th century, when the Benedictines repaired the chapel (1719) and rebuilt some of the buildings (1743). Nonetheless, by 1767 it was down to 4 monks and was shortly thereafter abandoned. During the
French Revolution it was nationalized and in 1791 it was sold to René Vigneron, a lawyer and director of the nearby
department of the
Vendée. By 1815, it was in the possession of the Laval family. In 1841, it became the property of the Lecadres, a prosperous French merchant family. In the late 19th century it was inherited by
Marie Lecadre, the wife of the painter
Auguste Toulmouche, and it became a gathering place for Parisian artists and musicians. In 1922, the department acquired it with an eye to setting up an insane asylum, but this plan never came to fruition. Reprivatized in 1929, it was occupied first by the English and then by the Germans during World War II. In 1978, an association was formed to preserve the abbey for the future. By then, it was in very bad repair, with several roofless areas (the abbey choir, the east wing). In 1994, the abbey was classified as a national historic monument and restoration efforts have continued in the years since. ==Architecture==