Abruzzo chamois

While traditionally categorized as a subspecies of Pyrenean chamois, some sources consider the Abruzzo chamois to be its own monotypic species under the scientific name Rupicapra ornata. An analysis of mitochondrial DNA found in Alpine and Pyrennean chamois specimens found both species to be non-monophyletic, with the Abruzzo chamois belonging to a population genetically distinct from either species. == Description ==

Possessing a slim build, the Abruzzo chamois measures 100 to 130 centimeters long and 70 to 80 centimeters tall at the shoulders. Males typically weigh around 30 kilograms, while females weigh about 27 kilograms. Both males and females have long, slender horns that hook at the end. The Abruzzo chamois can be distinguished from Iberian subspecies by its coat, sporting comparatively large patches of light fur on its throat, shoulders, and rump. Their specialized hooves have concave soles, sharp, hard edges, and point slightly downward in the front. These adaptations allow them to climb rocks using small projections, prevent themselves from skidding on steep surfaces, move effectively on ice, and quickly brake while running downhill. == Behavior ==

Abruzzo chamois primarily group together in herds of females and male young, while adult males remain solitary or in small groups for most of the year. == Habitat ==

Preferring steep, mountainous environments, Abruzzo chamois generally live at elevations of 1,200 to 2,000 meters above sea level. == Distribution ==

During the late Pleistocene and early Holocene the subspecies occupied a range that stretched from Marche in the north to Calabria in the south. However, in the present it is confined to a handful of national parks in and around Abruzzo, including the Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park, Maiella National Park, Gran Sasso and Monti della Laga National Park, and Monti Sibillini National Park. == Conservation ==

While both extant Iberian subspecies of Pyrenean chamois are listed as least concern, the Abruzzo chamois is listed as vulnerable on account of its lower population and restricted range. It is estimated that there are over 3,000 individuals split between 5 populations. == References ==