Akershus

As a geographical term the meaning of Akershus has changed over time. Akershus originally primarily referred to Akershus main county, which included most of Eastern Norway, with the exception of Upper Telemark and Båhuslen (now mainly part of Sweden). The modern Akershus county is a direct continuation of the subcounty of Akershus, created in 1682, and included all of modern Oslo and Akershus. In 1842 the capital city of Christiania, which at the time consisted of a tiny part of modern Oslo, became a separate subcounty within Akershus main county. Akershus main county ceased to exist in 1919, after which Akershus in everyday usage became synonymous with the modern county that excluded Christiania. Akershus' most central and important municipality, Aker, was transferred to Oslo in 1948. Since 1948, the rump Akershus county is conventionally divided into Asker and Bærum, which are municipalities located west of Oslo, enclaved from the rest of the county; and Follo and Romerike, regions situated east of Oslo, which constitute the bulk of the county's area and population. Embracing numerous suburbs and urban areas of Oslo, notably Bærum and historically Aker, Akershus is one of the most densely populated areas in the country. The main national railway lines into Oslo run through Akershus with many junctions and stations such as Asker, Sandvika, Ski, and Lillestrøm. Akershus includes some of the lake Mjøsa and some of the river Glomma. The county also includes the historical place Eidsvoll, 48 km north of Oslo, in which the national assembly ratified the Norwegian constitution in 1814. South of Eidsvoll is the international airport, Oslo Airport at Gardermoen. Oslo's previous international airport, Fornebu, is also located in Akershus. The estate of the crown prince is located in Asker (whereas Oslo boasts the royal palace). ==Infrastructure==

The county has two major hospitals, Akershus University Hospital and Sykehuset Asker og Bærum. The main road from continental Europe, E6, enters Akershus in the south, and runs through eastern Oslo, further to Gardermoen, and into Hedmark County on the eastern shores of lake Mjøsa. E18 enters Akershus in the south-east, merges for a short stretch with E6 at Vinterbro in Ås, before running under central Oslo. E18 then turns south-west through Bærum and Asker before entering Buskerud County north of Drammen. E16 runs from the intersection with E18 in Sandvika into Buskerud County west of Sollihøgda. All main railways out of Oslo run through Akershus: • Southwest: the Drammen Line • Southeast: the Østfold Line as two separate railways • North: the Gjøvik Line • Northeast: the Trunk Line, Gardermoen Line, and Dovre Line • East: the Kongsvinger Line ==History==

Akershus became a fief in the 16th century, and then also included the current counties of Hedmark, Oppland, Buskerud, and Oslo, as well as the municipalities of Askim, Eidsberg, and Trøgstad in the county of Østfold. In 1662, Akershus became an Amt, and in 1685, Buskerud was separated from Akershus and became an Amt of its own. In 1768, Hedmark and Oppland were also separated from Akershus to become Oplandenes Amt (and Askim, Eidsberg, and Trøgstad were transferred to Østfold). In 1842, the city of Christiania (Oslo) was made a separate Amt, as well. In 1919, the term Amt was changed to Fylke. In 1948, Aker, the greatest and the most populous municipality of Akershus, was transferred to the county of Oslo. ==Name==

The county is named after Akershus Fortress. The fortress was built in 1299, and the meaning of the name is "the (fortified) house of (the district) Aker". The name is somewhat misleading now, since the fortress is now outside Akershus (it is in Oslo County since 1842). In fact, the administration of Akershus sits outside the county, as well, in the centre of Oslo. ==Coat-of-arms==

The coat-of-arms is from modern times (1987). It shows a gable from Akershus Fortress. == Municipalities ==

Akershus has a total of 21 municipalities: ==Districts==

People from Akershus • Kristoffer Ajer (1998–), football player (Celtic FC), national team • Harriet Backer (1845–1932), artist, painter educated in Oslo, Berlin, Munich and Paris • Jo Benkow (1924–2013), WWII pilot and politician, president of Stortinget 1985-1993 • John Carew (1979–), former football player (Lørenskog, Vålerenga, Valencia, Lyon, Aston Villa), with 24 goals for Norway. • Bjørn Dæhlie (1967), cross-country skier and most-winning skier globally, with eight gold medals from Winter Olympics • Kai Eide, diplomat, writer and politician; special UN envoy to Kosovo in 2005, head of UN mission to Afghanistan from 2008 to 2010 • Euronymous (1968–1993), musician and co-founder of black metal band Mayhem • Åslaug Haga (1959–), politician, member of parliament and government, president of Global Crop Diversity Trust from 2013 to 2020 • Morten Harket (1959–), musician and singer, vocal of pop group A-ha • Trygve Haavelmo (1911–1999), economist and Nobel Prize laureate • Anniken Huitfeldt, politician, chair of Stortinget Committee on Foreign Relations and Defence • Carl Otto Løvenskiold (1839–1916), politician, and briefly prime minister in Stockholm in 1884 • Rolf Presthus (1936–1988), politician, former chairman of Conservative Party and minister of Finance • Jan Tore Sanner (1966–), politician, minister of Finance in Norway since 2020 • Reiulf Steen (1933–2014), politician, chairman of the Norwegian Labour Party from 1965 to 1975 • Johan Herman Wessel (1742–1785), poet and early satiric author ==References==