Saltykov was born in
Moscow to
Russian parents. His father Aleksandr Saltykov worked as an engineer at the
Moscow Kremlin. With the start of the
Great Patriotic War he was sent to the
front line and killed near
Sevastopol in 1941. His family stayed in Moscow. Aleksey's mother
baptized him and his sister shortly before the
Battle of Moscow, which they eventually survived. She never married again and raised the children by herself. At the age of 14 Saltykov had to become a factory worker because of the poor living conditions. He also visited an evening school and at one point decided to join
VGIK. In 1961 he finished director's courses led by
Sergei Gerasimov. His first feature film
My Friend, Kolka! was released the same year, co-directed by
Aleksander Mitta. It was seen by 23.8 million viewers. Along with his next movie
Bang the Drum it established him as one of the most promising
children's film directors, but Saltykov decided otherwise. In 1964 he directed a post-war drama
The Chairman. Based on the screenplay by
Yuri Nagibin, it told a fictionalized story of a real-life
Belarusian partisan
Kirill Orlovsky (named Egor Trubnikov in the movie) who lost his arm during the
war, then headed one of the ruined
kolkhozes and turned it into the most prosperous countryside. He was portrayed by
Mikhail Ulyanov in
The Chairman. The movie also featured a number of themes unusual for the cinema of that era, including post-war hunger, bureaucracy that prevented quicker recovery, lack of men and repressive methods of
NKVD. At the same time, it showed the strength of village people who rebuilt the countryside from scratch despite everything. According to Aleksander Mitta, five leading
Mosfilm directors rejected the script before it finally got to Saltykov. It was awarded a prize at the
All-Union Film Festival and named the best movie of 1965 by the readers of the
Soviet Screen magazine. Mikhail Ulyanov was also named the best actor of 1965 and awarded the
Lenin Prize. The role of Trubnikov became one of his most recognizable roles in the entire career. Saltykov made another three movies based on Nagibin's screenplays: ''
Woman's World (1967), Director
(1969) and The Ivanov Family
(1975). Woman's World
featured a story similar to The Chairman'', but with an emphasis on Russian women during and after the war. It became one of the leaders of the 1968 box office (4th place with 49.6 million viewers) and the 38th most viewed film of the Soviet Union.
Rimma Markova was named the best actress at the 1970
All-Union Film Festival.
Director was dedicated to
Ivan Likhachov (named Aleksey Zworykin in the movie) who established the
automotive industry in the Soviet Union, headed
ZiL, and who happened to be Nagibin's father-in-law. Shooting began at the start of 1965, but ended after
Yevgeni Urbansky was tragically killed while performing a stunt. Saltykov was personally blamed for his death and wasn't allowed to direct anything up until 1967. In 1969 the second version of
Director was made with
Nikolai Gubenko as Zworykin, released to a mild success. He produced a number of other historical and war dramas, but none of them reached the triumph of his earlier works. According to the writer
Nikolai Konyaev, in 1993 Saltykov approached him with documents from previously closed Soviet archives regarding general
Andrey Vlasov known for his
Nazi collaboration during the
World War II. Together they wrote a screenplay for a biographical movie, but in just a week Saltykov suddenly died at the age of 58. Aleksey Saltykov was buried in Moscow at the
Troyekurovskoye Cemetery. He was married to the Soviet and later Canadian actress
Olga Prokhorova (born 1948). ==Filmography==