Between 2001 and 2005 he played four seasons with
Eisbären Berlin in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He joined fellow DEL team
Hamburg Freezers in 2005 and played six seasons with the club. Barta was selected to the DEL All-Star game in 2005, 2006, and 2007. Barta was selected to play for the
German national team for the
2010 Winter Olympics. He previously represented Germany at the
2003 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, the 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010 and 2011
Ice Hockey World Championships, and the
2006 Winter Olympics. Barta signed a one-year contract with
Malmö Redhawks of the
HockeyAllsvenskan on June 17, 2011. Following a second Swedish season in
2012–13 with
Rögle BK in the
Elitserien, Barta returned to his native Germany, signing a two-year contract with
EHC München of the DEL on May 6, 2013. At the completion of his contract in Munich, Barta joined his older brother,
Björn, in signing a one-year deal with
ERC Ingolstadt on May 6, 2015. Following the 2015-16 season, he opted to put pen to paper on a three-year deal with fellow DEL side
Düsseldorfer EG. At the conclusion of in the
2022–23 campaign, his 23rd professional season and seventh with Düsseldorf, Barta announced his retirement from professional hockey, ending his illustrious DEL career by finishing 9th all-time in games played and 10th all-time in goals. ==Career statistics==