Alfred Baudrillart

Baudrillart was born in Paris, to Henri Baudrillart and Marie Sacy. His father was professor of political economy at Collège de France, editor in chief of the Journal des Économistes, and a member of Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques. Baudrillart's maternal grandfather, Samuel Ustazade de Sacy, was redactor in chief of the Journal des débats and a member of the Académie française. Raised in the Latin Quarter, Baudrillart entered École Bossuet in 1868, and later the Collège Louis le Grand. In 1876, at the age of seventeen, he decided to pursue a career in the Church. He attended the École Normale Supérieure from 1878 to 1881, where his classmates included Jean Jaurès and Henri Bergson. He earned his doctorate with a thesis entitled Philippe V et la Cour de France and earned a theology degree as well. He taught at several schools, including the Collège Stanislas de Paris. He also gave lectures in Spain and the U.S. Baudrillart was made an honorary canon of the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Paris in 1906, and a Domestic prelate of His Holiness on 17 April 1907. On 10 October 1908, he became Vicar General of Paris. with Bishops Stanislas Touchet and Joseph-Marie Tissier serving as co-consecrators. Baudrillart was later advanced to Titular Archbishop of Melitene on 12 April 1928. During his visit to New York on that trip, The New York Times called him "one of the best known bishops in the world". Pope Pius XI created him Cardinal Priest of S. Bernardo alle Terme in the consistory of 16 December 1935. Baudrillart was one of the cardinal electors in the 1939 papal conclave, which elected Pope Pius XII. Pius was close friends with General Maurice Gamelin, whom Baudrillart had once taught. Baudrillart supported the Vichy government of Marshal Philippe Pétain, issuing a statement titled Choisir, vouloir, obéir (Choose, desire, obey) on 20 November 1940, which shocked his colleagues and veterans of the First World War. His endorsement of the Legion said: He was interred in the Église des Carmes at the Institut Catholique. ==Writings==

History • Madame de Maintenon (1882) • Présentations de Philippe V à la Couronne de France (1887) • ''Rapport sur une mission en Espagne aux archives d'Alcale de Henares et de Simancas'' (1889) • Philippe V et la Cour de France, 5 vol. (1889-1901) • De cardinalis Quirini vita et operibus (1889) • Comment et pourquoi la France est restée catholique au XVIe siècle? (1895) • ''Les Normaliens dans l'Église'' (1895) • ''La France chrétienne dans l'histoire'' (1896) • Le renouvellement intellectuel du clergé de France au XIXe siècle (1903) • ''L'Église catholique, la Renaissance, le Protestantisme'' (1904) • ''Lettres du duc de Bourgogne au roi d'Espagne Philippe V et à la reine'', 2 vol. (1912) • Benoît XV (1920) • ''La Très Vénérable Camille de Soyecourt ou Celle qui n'a pas eu peur ''(1941) Other non-fiction • Quatre cents ans de concordat (1905) • ''Les universités catholiques de France et de l'étranger'' (1909) • ''L'enseignement catholique dans la France contemporaine'' (1910) • ''La vie de Mgr d'Hulst'' (1912), founder of the Institut catholique • Frédéric Ozanam (1912), a founder of the Society of Saint Vincent de Paul • Soldats et étudiants catholiques (1914) • La guerre allemande et le catholicisme (1915) • Une campagne française (1917) • ''L'Allemagne et les Alliés devant la conscience chrétienne'' (1917) • ''L'effort canadien'' (1917) • ''Lettres d'un pèlerin français au Levant et en Terre Sainte'' (1924) • ''L'activité missionnaire de l'Église à travers les âges'' (1927) • Mœurs païennes, mœurs chrétiennes (1930) • ''L'Institut catholique'' (1930) • La vocation de la France (1934) • La voix du chef (1941) Memoirs • ''Vingt-cinq ans de rectorat. L'Institut catholique de Paris, 1907-1932'' (1932) • Paul Christophe, editor, Les carnets du cardinal Baudrillart, 9 volumes (Paris: Editions du Cerf), 1994–1999, ==References==