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Alice (spacecraft instrument)

Alice is any one of two ultraviolet imaging spectrometers; one used on the New Horizons spacecraft and the other used on the Rosetta spacecraft. Alice is a small telescope with a spectrograph and a special detector with 32 pixels each with 1024 spectral channels detecting ultraviolet light. Its primary role is to determine the relative concentrations of various elements and isotopes in Pluto's atmosphere.

Overview
Alice uses an array of potassium bromide and caesium iodide type of photocathodes. It detects in the extreme and far ultraviolet spectrum, from wavelengths of light, with a spectral resolution of and a spatial resolution of per of altitude. Alice is intended, among its capabilities, to detect ultraviolet signatures of noble (aka inert) gases including helium, neon, argon, and krypton. Alice should also be able to detect water, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in the ultraviolet. The instrument is powered using a radiation hardened version of an Intel 8052 micro-processor. The instrument uses 32KB of programmable read only memory (PROM), 128 KB of EEPROM, and 32KB of SRAM. The command and data handling electronics are contained across four circuit boards which sit behind the detectors. ALICE operates in two separate data modes; Pixel List mode (PLM) and Histogram mode (HM). In Pixel List mode, the number of photons/second are recorded. In Histogram mode, the sensor array collects data/photons for a defined period of time. This data is then read as a 2D image. Furthermore, whilst the image is being read from the first memory bank, a second exposure can be started using the secondary memory bank. An advantage of utilising two different data modes is that the method of data collection can be tailored to the scientific goals. PLM provides time resolution, where as HM consistently requires same amount of memory, regardless of exposure length. ==Naming==
Naming
Alice is not an acronym. The name was chosen by principal investigator Alan Stern for personal reasons. ==Alice on New Horizons==
Alice on New Horizons
In August 2018, NASA confirmed, based on results by Alice on the New Horizons spacecraft, the detection of a "hydrogen wall" at the outer edges of the Solar System that was first detected in 1992 by the two Voyager spacecraft which have detected a surplus of ultraviolet light determined to be coming from hydrogen.{{cite journal |author=Gladstone, G. Randall|display-authors=et al |title=The Lyman‐α Sky Background as Observed by New Horizons The New Horizons version of Alice uses an average power of 4.4 watts and weighs 4.5 kg (9.9 pounds). ==Alice on Rosetta==
Alice on Rosetta
On Rosetta, a mission to a comet, Alice performed ultraviolet spectroscopy to search and quantify the noble gas content in the comet nucleus. On Rosetta it is a instrument which uses 2.9 watts. ==See also==
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