Kravchenko was born in a farming family in the village of Sulimivtsy near
Poltava, Ukraine. He was an ethnic Ukrainian. Kravchenko fought in the
Russian Civil War. He was educated at the Poltava infantry Academy (1923) and the
Frunze Military Academy. He subsequently served with the infantry and taught at the
Saratov Tank Warfare school. From 1939 he was attached to the
Volga Military District as chief of staff of the
61st Rifle Division. Kravchenko fought in the Soviet Finnish War as chief of staff of the
173rd Motorized Division. In 1940 Kravchenko was appointed chief of staff of the
16th Tank Division and later the
18th Mechanised Corps. ==World War II==