Andriy Klyuyev

Andriy Klyuyev graduated from the Mining College of the Donetsk Politech Institute as a mining automation and mechanization engineer. He also earned his Candidate of Technical Sciences post-graduate degree in 1989. Klyuyev started working in 1983 as an underground miner at Zasyadko coal mine, before becoming a foreman at the Gorki Mine in 1984. After graduation he worked as the deputy chief and then Chief of Mine Transport at Bilorichenska Mine (Voroshylovhradvuhillya state holding in Luhansk Oblast). From 1986 to 1991 Klyuyev conducted full-time postgraduate research at his alma mater. ==Business career==

From 1991 to 1994, Klyuyev headed several coal mining-related machine building companies, including "Ukrpidshipnyk" SC. Klyuyev and his younger brother, Serhiy Klyuyev, sold Active Bank in March 2013, as all stakes in the solar business were sold in 2008 already. Klyuyev has been repeatedly accused by journalists of being "a shadowy oligarch" with business links to (former President) Viktor Yanukovych's family, allegedly using his power to secure multi-billion contracts. Andrii and Serhiy Klyuyev were the principal beneficiaries in the Austrian holding company SLAV AG. As of February 2014, the Klyuyev brothers relationships with other entities can be found online. In 2011, the Klyuyev brothers controlled five solar plants (Crimea Solar 1–5) outside of Simferopol at Rodnykoye. In March 2016, the Klyuyev brothers' company SLAV Handel applied for bankruptcy in Vienna at the International Court of Arbitration of Vienna International Chamber of Commerce. ==Political career==

Starting in 1994, Klyuyev was a deputy chairman of the Donetsk Oblast Executive Council. From November 1995 to April 1996 he was a Deputy Head of the Donetsk Oblast State Administration, responsible for local development, trade, and consumer goods production. After a career in Donetsk Oblast, and at the time working closely with later and current President Viktor Yanukovych, Klyuyev moved to national politics. On 14 December 2001, Klyuyev was elected the deputy chairman of the Party of Regions. At the 2002 election, he became a member of the Verkhovna Rada for the Party of Regions, working as head of the Energy, Nuclear Policy and Nuclear Safety Committee. On 19 April 2003, at the 5th Party Congress Klyuyev was elected the secretary of the party's political council. From 2003 to 2004, Klyuyev was the Energy Vice Prime Minister in the First Yanukovych Government. NSDC secretary sees Azarov as likely candidate for premiership. On 24 January 2014, President Yanukovych signed a decrees that dismissed Klyuyev as National Security and Defense Council secretary and appointed him head of the Presidential Administration of Ukraine. Klyuyev resigned from this post. Since 7 March 2014 he is wanted for involvement in mass murder. The day before the EU froze his assets. In June 2019, the Central Election Commission of Ukraine refused Klyuyev to register for 21 July 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election as a candidate for the Liberal Party of Ukraine in Electoral District 46 situated in Donetsk Oblast because he had not lived in Ukraine for 5 years. The same day the Central Election Commission registered Klyuyev's candidacy. In 2025, the Ukrainian government imposed sanctions against Klyuyev. ==International sanctions==

For his roles in destabilizing Ukraine, his role in the Victor Yanukovych government, his support for pro-Russia individuals and entities in Ukraine, abuse of office, and for embezzlement of public funds, Klyuyev is under sanctions by Switzerland since 26 February 2014, by Lichtenstein since 3 March 2014, by the European Union since 6 March 2014, by Canada since 20 July 2015, and by the United States, also since 30 July 2015. On 21 February 2018, his younger brother Serhiy had some EU sanctions removed for the 2017–2018 period, and later, in July 2018, Andrii Kliuiev had some EU sanctions lifted for 2017–2018. However, his accounts in the EU are still frozen until 9 March 2019, because of ongoing EU sanctions. ==References==