The following tables show the release dates and key features of all Android operating system updates to date, listed chronologically by their official
application programming interface (API) levels.
Android 1.0 Android 1.0, the first commercial version of the software, was released on September 23, 2008. The first commercially available Android device was the
HTC Dream.
Android 1.1 On February 9, 2009, the Android 1.1 update was released, initially for the HTC Dream only. Android 1.1 was known as "
Petit Four" internally, though this name was not used officially. The update resolved bugs, changed the Android
API and added a number of features:
Android 1.5 Cupcake On April 27, 2009, the Android 1.5 update was released, based on
Linux kernel 2.6.27. This was the first release to officially use a codename based on a dessert item ("Cupcake"), a theme used for all releases until
Android Pie, with
Android 10 and later using a number-only system. The update included several new features and UI amendments:
Android 1.6 Donut On September 15, 2009, Android 1.6 – dubbed Donut – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29. Included in the update were numerous new features:
Android 2.0 Eclair On October 27, 2009, the Android 2.0 SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29 and codenamed
Eclair. Changes include the ones listed below.
Android 2.0.1 Eclair Android 2.1 Eclair Android 2.2 Froyo On May 20, 2010, the SDK for Android 2.2 (Froyo, short for
frozen yogurt) was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.32.
Android 2.3 Gingerbread On December 6, 2010, the Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.35. Changes included:
Android 2.3.3 Gingerbread Android 3.0 Honeycomb On February 22, 2011, the Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) SDK – the first
tablet-only Android update – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.36. The first device featuring this version, the
Motorola Xoom tablet, was released on February 24, 2011. The update's features included:
Android 3.1 Honeycomb Android 3.2 Honeycomb Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich The SDK for Android 4.0.1 (Ice Cream Sandwich), based on Linux kernel 3.0.1, was publicly released on October 19, 2011. Google's Gabe Cohen stated that Android 4.0 was "theoretically compatible" with any Android 2.3.x device in production at that time. The
source code for Android 4.0 became available on November 14, 2011. Ice Cream Sandwich was the last version to officially support
Adobe Systems'
Flash player. The update introduced numerous new features:
Android 4.0.3 Ice Cream Sandwich Android 4.1 Jelly Bean Google announced Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean) at the
Google I/O conference on June 27, 2012. Based on Linux kernel 3.0.31, Jelly Bean was an incremental update with the primary aim of improving the functionality and performance of the user interface. The performance improvement involved "Project Butter", which uses touch anticipation,
triple buffering, extended
vsync timing and a fixed frame rate of 60
fps to create a fluid and "buttery-smooth" UI. and the
Nexus 7 tablet, the first device to run Jelly Bean, was released on July 13, 2012.
Android 4.2 Jelly Bean Google was expected to announce Jelly Bean 4.2 at an event in
New York City on October 29, 2012, but the event was cancelled due to
Hurricane Sandy. Instead of rescheduling the live event, Google announced the new version with a press release, under the slogan "A new flavor of Jelly Bean". Jelly Bean 4.2 was based on Linux kernel 3.4.0, and debuted on Google's
Nexus 4 and
Nexus 10, which were released on November 13, 2012.
Android 4.3 Jelly Bean Google released Jelly Bean 4.3 under the slogan "An even sweeter Jelly Bean" on July 24, 2013, during an event in
San Francisco called "Breakfast with
Sundar Pichai". Most Nexus devices received the update within a week, although the
second-generation Nexus 7 tablet was the first device to officially ship with it. A minor bug fix update was released on August 22, 2013.
Android 4.4 KitKat Google announced Android 4.4
KitKat on September 3, 2013. Although initially under the "Key Lime Pie" ("KLP") codename, the name was changed because "very few people actually know the taste of a
key lime pie." Some technology bloggers also expected the "Key Lime Pie" release to be Android 5. KitKat debuted on Google's
Nexus 5 on October 31, 2013, and was optimized to run on a greater range of devices than earlier Android versions, having 512 MB of RAM as a recommended minimum; those improvements were known as "Project Svelte" internally at Google. The required minimum amount of RAM available to Android is 340 MB, and all devices with less than 512 MB of RAM must report themselves as "low RAM" devices. Lollipop features a redesigned user interface built around a responsive
design language referred to as "
material design". Other changes include improvements to the notifications, which can be accessed from the lockscreen and displayed within applications as top-of-the-screen banners. Furthermore, Google made internal changes to the platform, with the
Android Runtime (ART) officially replacing
Dalvik for improved application performance, and with changes intended to improve and optimize battery usage, known internally as
Project Volta.
Android 5.1 Lollipop Android 6.0 Marshmallow Android 6.0 "Marshmallow" was unveiled under the codename "Android M" during
Google I/O on May 28, 2015, for the
Nexus 5 and
Nexus 6 phones,
Nexus 9 tablet, and
Nexus Player set-top box, under the build number MPZ44Q. The third developer preview (MPA44G) was released on August 17, 2015, for the Nexus 5, Nexus 6, Nexus 9 and Nexus Player devices, and was updated to MPA44I that brought fixes related to
Android for Work profiles.
Android 7.0 Nougat Android "Nougat" (codenamed N in-development) is the seventh major release of the Android operating system. It was first released as a developer preview on March 9, 2016, with factory images for supported Nexus devices, as well as with the new "Android Beta Program" which allows supported devices to be upgraded directly to the Android Nougat beta via an over-the-air update. The final release was on August 22, 2016. The final preview build was released on July 18, 2016, with the build number NPD90G.
Android 7.1 Nougat On October 19, 2016, Google released Android 7.1.1 as a developer preview for the Nexus 5X, Nexus 6P and the Pixel C. A second preview became available on November 22, 2016, before the final version was released to the public on December 5, 2016.
Android 8.0 Oreo Android Oreo is the eighth major release of the Android operating system. It was first released as a developer preview, codenamed Android O, on March 21, 2017, with factory images for supported Nexus and Pixel devices. The final developer preview was released on July 24, 2017, with the stable version released in August 2017.
Android 8.1 Oreo Android 8.1 Oreo is the sixteenth minor release of the Android operating system. It was first released as a developer preview on October 25, 2017, with factory images for current Nexus and Pixel devices. A second developer preview was made available on November 27, 2017, for Nexus and Pixel devices, before the stable version was released on December 5, 2017.
Android 9 Pie Android Pie is the ninth major version of the Android operating system. It was first announced by Google on March 7, 2018, and the first developer preview was released on the same day. The second preview, considered beta quality, was released on May 8, 2018. The final beta of Android Pie (fifth preview, also considered as a "Release Candidate") was released on July 25, 2018. The first official release was released on August 6, 2018.
Android 10 Android 10 is the tenth major version of the Android operating system. The stable version of Android 10 was released on September 3, 2019.
Android 11 Android 11 is the eleventh major version of the Android operating system. It was first announced by Google on February 19, 2020, and the first developer preview released on the same day.The launch of Android 11 Beta was postponed from June 3, 2020, to June 10, 2020.
Android 12 Android 12 is the twelfth major version of the Android operating system. It was first announced by Google on February 18, 2021, and the first developer preview was released on the same day.
Android 12L Android 12L is an interim release for Android 12 that includes design tweaks for larger displays and minor stability changes to the operating system. It was announced in October 2021 alongside Beta releases with a stable version launching on March 7, 2022.
Android 13 Android 13 is the thirteenth major version of the Android operating system.
Android 14 Android 14 is the fourteenth major version of the Android operating system. Google announced Android 14 on February 8, 2023, with the first Developer Preview releasing on the same day.
Android 15 Android 15 is the fifteenth major version of the Android operating system. It was released on September 3, 2024 as part of the Android Open Source Project, and was first released to a device on September 30, 2024 by
Vivo. Unlike previous versions of Android, the new update wasn't made available upon its release to Google's own Pixel line, instead being released on October 15, 2024.
Android 16 Android 16 is the sixteenth major release of
Android. The first Developer Preview of Android 16 was released on November 19, 2024.
Google released the stable version on June 10, 2025 for Pixel phones. == Hardware requirements ==