Poliziano

Early life Poliziano was born as Agnolo Ambrogini in Montepulciano, in central Tuscany in 1454. Final years Poliziano spent his final years without financial or other worries, studying philosophy. Piero the Unfortunate even asked Pope Alexander VI to make him a cardinal. It is likely that Poliziano was homosexual, or at least had male lovers, and he never married. Prior to his exhumation in 2007, the circumstances of his death were also sometimes considered to be evidence of homosexuality: some evidence suggested that he was killed by a fever (possibly resulting from syphilis) which was exacerbated by standing under the windowsill of a boy he was infatuated with despite being ill. Forensic tests showed that both Poliziano and Pico likely died of arsenic poisoning, possibly the order of Lorenzo's successor, Piero de' Medici. ==Legacy==

Poliziano was well known as a scholar, a professor, a critic, and a Latin poet in an age when the classics were still studied with assimilative curiosity, and not with the scientific industry of a later period. He was the representative of that age of scholarship in which students drew their ideal of life from antiquity. He was also known as an Italian poet, a contemporary of Ariosto. At the same time, he was busy as a translator from the Greek. His versions of Epictetus, Hippocrates, Galen, Plutarch's Eroticus and Plato's Charmides distinguished him as a writer. Of these learned labours, the most universally acceptable to the public of that time were a series of discursive essays on philology and criticism, first published in 1489 under the title of Miscellanea. They had an immediate and lasting effect, influencing the scholars of the next century. Anthony Grafton writes that Poliziano's "conscious adoption of a new standard of accuracy and precision" enabled him "to prove that his scholarship was something new, something distinctly better than that of the previous generation": By treating the study of antiquity as completely irrelevant to civic life and by suggesting that in any case only a tiny elite could study the ancient world with adequate rigor, Poliziano departed from the tradition of classical studies in Florence. Earlier Florentine humanists had studied the ancient world in order to become better men and citizens. Poliziano by contrast insisted above all on the need to understand the past in the light of every possibly relevant bit of evidence — and to scrap any belief about the past that did not rest on firm documentary foundations ... [But] when he set ancient works back into their historical context Poliziano eliminated whatever contemporary relevance they might have had. ==Works==

His Latin and Greek works include: • the poem Manto, in which he pronounced a panegyric of Virgil; • the Ambra, which contains an idyllic sketch of Tuscan landscape and a eulogy of Homer; • the Rusticus, which celebrated country life; • the Nutricia, which was intended to serve as a general introduction to the study of ancient and modern poetry. His principal Italian works are: • his most highly regarded work in Italian, , or La Giostra, written upon Giuliano de' Medici's victory in a tournament in 1475. This work was left unfinished following the 1478 Pazzi conspiracy, which resulted in the assassination of its protagonist. In addition, Lorenzo's wife Clarice strongly disapproved of the humanistic nature of the poem, causing Politian to resign, leave Florence in 1479 and settle in Mantua, where he set to work on the . • the Orfeo, a lyrical drama performed at Mantua with musical accompaniment; • a collection of Tuscan songs, reproducing various forms of popular poetry distinguished by a roseate fluency. His philosophical works are: • Praelectio de dialectica (1491), an introduction to Aristotelian logic; • Lamia. Praelectio in Priora Aristotelis Analytica (1492); • Dialectica (1493), an introduction to a course on Aristotelian philosophy. English translations • • • • ==References==