Germanic name

Some medieval Germanic names are attested in simplex form. Some of these names originated as hypocorisms of full dithematic names, but in some cases they entered common usage and were no longer perceived as such. Examples include • Masculine: Aldo (whence English Aldous), Adel, Anso/Anzo/Enzo, Folki/Folke/Fulco, Gero, Helmo/Elmo, Ise/Iso, Kuno, Lanzo, Manno, Odo/Otto, Rocco, Sten, Waldo, Warin, Wido, Wine, Wolf/Wulf • Feminine: Adele, Alda, Bertha, Emma, Hilda, Ida, Isa, Linda, Oda A major study of medieval Germanic monothematic names was undertaken by Van Loon, who (as translated and summarised by Ian Shiels) suggested the following types: while Ian Shiels built on her work and Van Loon's to "suggest the outline [...] of an alternative approach to hypocorism [...] as a rule-based system of generative and transformational processes applied to dithematic names." Some hypocorisms, called "head-and-tail" types by Van Loon, retain a remnant of their second element. Late medieval Flemish/Dutch examples cited by him include Arnoud > Arend/Ært; Bernard > Bernd; Cunrad > Kurt; Diederik > Dirk; Gerard > Geert; Everhard > Evert; and Wilhelm > Willem. Whereas Loon doubted that this pattern existed in the early Germanic languages, Ian Shiels has argued that it is found in early Old Norse and Old English naming. Sometimes the second element is so reduced that it cannot be identified unambiguously any longer: Curt/Kurt may abbreviate either Conrad or Cunibert. ==Bynames==

Germanic names often feature a range of bynames: additional names that accompany a 'forename'. These can be toponymic (locational), occupational, genealogical, or 'nicknames'. ==Uncertain etymology==

• Gustav has been interpreted by e.g. Elof Hellquist (1864 - 1939) Swedish linguist specialist in North Germanic languages as gauta-stabaz (gauta-stabaR) "staff of the Goths" • Old English Pǣga (unknown meaning) • Waldo from Old English Waltheof (unknown meaning) • Pepin • Morcar • Zotto • Cleph • Pemmo == See also ==

• • Olof von Feilitzen, The Pre-conquest Personal Names of Domesday Book (1937). • E. Förstemann, Altdeutsches Namenbuch (1856; online facsimile) • • Lena Peterson, Nordiskt runnamnslexikon, 4th ed. (2002); 5th ed. (2007). • P. R. Kitson, (2002). How Anglo-Saxon personal names work. Nomina, 24, 93. • F. C. Robinson, (1968). The significance of names in old English literature. Anglia, 86, 14–58. • Justus Georg Schottel, De nominibus veterum Germanorum, in: Ausführliche Arbeit Von der Teutschen Haubt-Sprache, Zilliger (1663), book 5, chapter 2, pp. 1029–1098.*Franz Stark, Die Kosenamen der Germanen: eine Studie: mit drei Excursen: 1. Über Zunamen; 2. Über den Ursprung der zusammengesetzten Namen; 3. Über besondere friesische Namensformen und Verkürzungen, 1868. • Friedrich Wilhelm Viehbeck, Die Namen der Alten teutschen: als Bilder ihres sittlichen und bürgerlichen Lebens (1818; [https://archive.org/details/dienamenderalte00viehgoog online facsimile) • H. B. Woolf, (1939). The old Germanic principles of name-giving. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. • H. C. Wyld, (1910). Old Scandinavian personal names in England. Modern Language Review, 5, 289–296. • Charlotte Mary Yonge, History of Christian names, vol. 2, Parker and Bourn, 1863. • ==External links==