Angora rabbit

The Angora is said to have originated in Ankara (historically known as Angora), in present-day Turkey, and is known to have been brought to France in 1723. The Angora rabbit became a popular pet of the French royalty in the mid-18th century, and Angoras had spread to other parts of Europe by the end of that century. ==Angora-rabbit wool==

Angoras are bred mainly for their wool, which is silky and soft. At only 14–16 micrometres in diameter, it is similar to cashmere in fineness and softness to the touch. A healthy adult Angora's wool will grow approximately per month. Regular grooming is necessary to prevent the fibre from matting and felting on the rabbit, which causes discomfort and can lead to pain and even infection. Angora wool is harvested (plucked or shorn) every three to four months throughout the year. The coat needs to be monitored after 6 months of regrowth since it may tend to "die" and easily mat. Angora wool may be gathered periodically by hand-plucking the hair within the coat that are being naturally shed. Full harvesting is done by shearing the coat with clippers or small scissors, often while the rabbit sits atop a groomer's turntable. Shearing typically starts at the head, moving across the shoulders to the tail. The rabbit is then flipped and the underside is shorn from tail to chin. Between of wool may be harvested from a Giant Angora. Because rabbits do not possess the same allergy-causing qualities as many other animals, their wool is an important alternative. ==Health==

Wool block Because of the length and abundance of their hair, Angora rabbits are particularly susceptible to wool block, a potentially lethal blockage of the digestive tract. All rabbits ingest some of their wool when they groom themselves, but their digestive system is sometimes not able to pass that foreign matter. The length of Angora hair compounds the risk of impaction, which can lead to death. Clipping or plucking an Angora's wool every 90–120 days is necessary to prevent wool block. Wool mites Cheyletiella parasitovorax is a skin parasite commonly found in Angora rabbits. Signs of infestation are flaky skin patches and fur loss. Wool mites reduce fiber yields and the resulting skin flakes are detrimental to the fiber quality. Wool mites may be treated with ivermectin or with carbaryl powder. ==Angora rabbit breeds==

The iconic long coat of the Angora is the result of a rabbit gene referred to as l (lowercase "L"). This "Angora gene" is present in all Angora breeds. It has also sometimes been utilized in the development of other rabbit breeds or other breeds' new varieties. "Dwarf Wooly" breeds including American Fuzzy Lop, Lionhead and Jersey Wooly are now recognized in the U.S. by ARBA. Belgium and France have their own Dwarf Wooly breeds. There is also a rare Mini English Angora breed in New Zealand. with a commercial body type. It differs from the English, Giant and German Angora in that it possesses a clean (hairless) face and front feet with only minor tufting on the rear legs. The color of a French Angora is determined by the color of its head, feet and tail (all the same color). This variety of angora fibre has smooth silky texture. Beginning spinners may find Angora wool a challenge. Desirable characteristics of the fibre include its texture, warmth, light weight and pure white color. It is used for sweaters, mittens, baby clothes and millinery. German Angora • Weight: • IAGARB-accepted varieties: Albino or Colored (but not bi-colored) • • Albino • • Black • Dilute Blacka/k/a Blue • Browna/k/a Chocolate • Dilute Browna/k/a Lilac • • Tortoiseshell • Dilute Black Tortoiseshella/k/a Blue Tortoiseshell • Brown Tortoiseshella/k/a Chocolate Tortoiseshell • Dilute Brown Tortoiseshella/k/a Lilac Tortoiseshell • • Agoutia/k/a Black Agouti, Chestnut Agouti, Wild Agouti • Dilute Black Agoutia/k/a Blue Agouti or Opal • Brown Agoutia/k/a Chocolate Agouti • Dilute Brown Agoutia/k/a Lilac Agouti or Lynx • • Yellowa/k/a Red or Fawn • • Chinchilla • Dilute Black Chinchillaa/k/a Blue Chinchilla or Squirrel • Brown Chinchillaa/k/a Chocolate Chinchilla • Dilute Brown Chinchillaa/k/a Lilac Chinchilla Though common, the German Angora is not currently recognized by ARBA. The International Association of German Angora Rabbit Breeders (IAGARB) maintains a breed standard for the German Angora. Giant Angora • Weight: Minimum • ARBA-recognized varieties: Ruby-eyed White The Giant Angora is the largest of the ARBA-recognized Angora breeds. It was originally developed to be an efficient commercial producer that could be sustained on 16–18% protein pellets plus hay, and live in the standard sized, all-wire cages. Because ARBA wouldn't allow German Angoras to be shown due to their body type being considered too similar to other Angora breeds, Louise Walsh of Taunton, Massachusetts, created a new breed. She used German Angoras, French Lops and Flemish Giants to develop a completely different 'commercial' body type. ARBA officially recognized the Giant Angora in 1988. The Giant Angora coat contains three fiber types for its texture. The underwool should be the most dominant over the other two types of hair. It should be medium-fine, soft and delicately waved and have a gentle shine. Beginning spinners may find Angora wool a challenge. The Awn Fluff has a guard hair tip and is a stronger, wavy wool. The Awn Fluff is found between the underwool and Awn Hair. The Awn Hair, also known as guard hair, is the third type of fiber. The Awn Hair is a strong straight hair that protrudes above the wool and must be present and evident. The classification of the Giant Angora is different from the other three breeds owing to it being a 6-class animal. The junior buck and junior doe must be under 6 months of age and have a minimum weight of . The intermediate buck and intermediate doe are 6–8 months of age. The senior buck and senior doe are 8 months of age or over. The senior buck must weigh at least . The senior doe must weigh at least . When Giant Angoras are judged the majority of the points are based on the wool, which includes density, texture and length. The points for 'general type' include the body type, head, ears, eyes, feet, legs and tail. Like many other 'giant' breeds of rabbit, the Giant Angora grows slowly. A doe usually takes more than a year to reach maturity (size and weight). A buck can take up to 1.5 years to mature (size and weight). Satin Angora • Weight: • ARBA-recognized varieties: [Includes eight color groups. The color of a Satin Angora is determined by the uniform pigment on its head, feet, and tail.] White Satin Angora Rabbit.jpg|Satin AngoraBlue-eye white Satinangora.jpg|Satin AngoraBroken pattern • • Pointed White (includes Black, Blue, Chocolate, Lilac) • Blue-Eyed White • Red-Eyed White • • Broken • • Chestnut • Chocolate Agouti • Chocolate Chinchilla • Chinchilla • Copper • Lilac Chinchilla • Lynx • Opal • Squirrel • • Black • Blue • Chocolate • Lilac • • Pearl • Black Pearl • Blue Pearl • Chocolate Pearl • Lilac Pearl • Sable Pearl • Smoke Pearl • Sable • Seal • • Blue Tortoiseshell • Chocolate Tortoiseshell • Lilac Tortoiseshell • Tortoiseshell • • Blue Steel • Chocolate Steel • Lilac Steel • Steel • • Cream • Fawn • Red The Satin Angora was developed in the late 1970s by Mrs. Meyer of Holland Landing, Ontario, Canada, who crossed French Angoras with rabbits of the Satin breed. In addition to the sheen (for which the Satin is known), true red and copper pigments emerged in the new rabbits. In all 'satinized' coats, the hair shaft has a semi-transparent outer shell that reflects light, resulting in deep color, high luster and an extremely soft and silky texture to the hair. The Satin Angora (like the French Angora) has no furnishings on the face, ears or feet. The Satin does not produce as much wool as other Angora breeds, but this trait is being improved upon through selective breeding. While more difficult to keep groomed than the Giant or French Angora, the Satin is less difficult than the English Angora. Because of the soft texture of the wool and the lower guard-hair count in the coat, matting occurs more readily. Daily combing is therefore recommended. Satin Angora wool is said to be stronger for spinning than other Angora varieties, but because of its slipperiness it can be more difficult to spin. Other Angora rabbit breeds • Finnish Angora • Japanese Angora • Russian Angora • St. Lucian Angora • Swiss Angora • Dutch Angora • File:Nihonangora.jpg|Japanese Angora(August 2009) File:Russisches Angora-Kaninchen (Jean Bungartz, Kaninchenrassen, 1902, p065).jpg|Russian AngoraRussisches Angora-Kaninchen(Jean Bungartz 1902) == Genetics ==

Some genes or rather mutations causing the Angora phenotype have been identified. A gene that has been repeatedly found to be affected in Angora rabbits is the FGF5 gene. For example, a specific mutation (T19234C) changes the amino acid threonine (T) to cysteine (C) in the Fgf5 protein, causing the phenotype. ==See also==