The earliest record of Theodoric is his signature on a document of the antipope Clement III (Wibert) dated 4 November 1084, where he signs as
cardinal deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata. In a letter of 29 July 1099, Clement III refers to Theoderic as one of those cardinals who
anathematized Gregory VII (who died on 25 May 1085) as a
heretic and
simoniac. In 1098, Cardinal Theodoric became involved in German affairs, as
papal legate of
Clement III.
Archbishop Rothardus of Mainz had not only refused to accept the legitimacy of antipope Clement III, but was working against the Emperor Henry and his antipope by rallying the bishops of Germany to meet in a
synod in Mainz on 1 December 1097. Clement had tried several times to bring the archbishop under control. First, he had Rothardus summoned to the papal court to answer charges of simony; when he refused to appear, Theodoric and another bishop summoned him; finally the Deacon Hugo also summoned him. Having failed to appear, on 29 July 1099 the people of Mainz were released from their obedience to Rothardus and warned of the
interdict that would be inflicted on any who associated with him. Theodoric wrote and witnessed the
papal letter. On 18 October 1099, he was in
Tivoli, where he witnessed a document of antipope Clement III in favor of Cardinal Romanus of S. Ciriaco. The legitimate pope,
Urban II, died on 29 July 1099, and his successor
Paschal II was
elected at the church of
San Clemente on 13 August 1099, and consecrated on 14 August 1099 in
St. Peter's Basilica. The
Antipope Clement III was expelled from Rome at the same time, and died on 8 September 1100, at
Civita Castellana, some 60km (37 mi) north of Rome. According to the "Annales Romani", the followers of Clement met secretly in Rome, at night, in St. Peter's Basilica, where they elected and enthroned Cardinal Theodoric, the
Bishop of Albano, who may have assumed the name Sylvester III. But he did not dare to remain in the city. Forced to abandon Rome to seek protection of the emperor, Theodoric was seized by partisans of
Pope Paschal II, and sent to Rome. He was convicted by judgment of the fathers, and immediately sent to the monastery of
Santissima Trinità di Cava, near
Salerno, where he was compelled to become a monk, or, according to the "Life of Pope Paschal II," a hermit. He died at Cava in 1102, according to the epitaph in the crypt of the monastery. A later memorial plaque in La Cava commemorates him under the pontifical name of "Sylvester III", because the earlier
Pope Sylvester III (Giovanni dei Crescenzi), at that time was considered an antipope. Theodoric's successor was
Antipope Albert, elected in 1101, or in February or March 1102. ==See also==