Anyeint

The lead singer and dancer in an anyeint performance is called the anyeint minthami (). Well-known film actresses and singers, including May Than Nu and Yadana Khin, are often featured as lead anyeint actresses. The anyeint minthami dances to instrumental music and singing either a cappella or to music are interspersed with comedic dialogue and slapstick performed by clowns. The result is a sequence of solo and group dances. The costumes of anyeint performers are identical to those worn by puppets in traditional marionette theater. Although lead actresses were once the main focus of performances, the focus has now shifted to the comedic skits performed. Slapstick comedians, known as lu shwin daw () or lu pyet (, although this term is falling out of usage) provide entertainment while the minthami changes outfits. Zarganar and Kutho were successful comedians in early anyeint revival. In more recent times, well-known film actors and singers, such as Ye Lay, Nay Toe and Htun Htun, Kyaw Kyaw Bo, have featured as comedians. Comedians typically dressed in checkered-patterned Taungshay-style longyi (sarongs) and wear loose coats, a development innovated by U Po Sein, an influential 19th-century performer. ==Format==

Anyeint performances begin with a recitation and explanation of ancient verses, followed by a pari kamma (), a formal speech by troupe members to introduce themselves and thank the show's patron. Comedians then provide an introductory slapstick skit, before inviting the lead actress to the stage for a performance, during which they will provide improvised jokes and playful insults to the audience. At the end of the dance set, comedians direct jokes at the actress, who rebuts them and defends herself. In the past, the anyeint performance was concluded with a verse play called zat kyi (), although this portion is now omitted from contemporary anyeint programmes. ==Origins==

The name "anyeint" comes from a Burmese language word meaning "gentle". The form originated as a royal court dance performed by female dancers and was originally confined to the royal court. From 1988 to 1992, a military curfew at night prohibited all-night anyeint performances. The Burmese comedian, Zarganar, has frequently performed in anyeint. In 1986, he formed the Mya Ponnama Anyeint troupe, whose performances have appeared on television. The Burmese performance art Htein Lin has also performed anyeint, which is an influence in his performance art. == References ==