APG II was published as: • Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II".
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141(4): 399-436. (Available online: Abstract | Full text (HTML) | Full text (PDF)
doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x) Each of the APG systems represents the broad consensus of a number of
systematic botanists, united in the APG, working at several institutions worldwide. The APG II system recognized 45
orders, five more than the APG system. The new orders were
Austrobaileyales,
Canellales,
Gunnerales,
Celastrales, and
Crossosomatales, all of which were families unplaced as to order, although contained in
supra-ordinal clades, in the APG system. APG II recognized 457
families, five fewer than the APG system. Thirty-nine of the APG II families were not placed in any order, but 36 of the 39 were placed in a supra-ordinal clade within the angiosperms. Fifty-five of the families came to be known as "bracketed families". They were optional
segregates of families that could be
circumscribed in a
larger sense. The APG II system was influential and was adopted in whole or in part (sometimes with modifications) in a number of references. It was superseded 6½ years later by the
APG III system, published in October 2009. ==Groups==