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Arboroasa

Arboroasa was a society (Studentenverbindung) for Romanian students in the Austro-Hungarian city of Czernowitz, located in the Bukovina region of Cisleithania. Operating between 1875 and 1877 and attracting several dozen participants, its activities were both cultural and patriotic in nature; a central figure within the group was composer Ciprian Porumbescu. Arboroasa was shut down by the authorities and the leadership arrested after members sent two politically sensitive telegrams to the Romanian Old Kingdom. However, a year later, the organization was largely reconstituted as Societatea Academică Junimea.

Founding and activity
The society, which was given an old name for Bukovina, was founded on December 22, 1875, at the newly established Czernowitz University. Arboroasa's initiator, Teodor V. Ștefanelli, had been a member of the Romania Jună Society, and used the latter group's statute as a model for the new organization. Its stated purpose was to perfect members' patriotic, literary and cultural consciousness, to develop a social spirit and to assist poorer members, Buliga was the first president, followed by Porumbescu. The motto was by Vasile Alecsandri (Uniți să fim în cugete, uniți în Dumnezeu — "Let us be united in our thoughts, united under God"), members wore a ribbon with the blue-yellow-red of the Romanian tricolor, and the official song was written by Ștefanelli, with music by Porumbescu. It was financed through fees levied on these as well as through donations from supporters; Meanwhile, the Bukovina authorities received instructions from Vienna to collect funds for wounded troops from the opposing Ottoman side. ==Suppression and legacy==
Suppression and legacy
On October 1, 1877, members of the society sent a condolence telegram to the city hall of Iași in Romania, in order to mark the centenary of the beheading of Grigore III Ghica, who had refused to cede Bukovina to Austria. A second, celebratory, telegram was sent to the Romanian capital Bucharest in order to mark the Fall of Plevna during the war. The imperial Austrian authorities, also taking into account the subsidies received from Romania, considered these as acts of treason, and disbanded the society on November 11. This act prompted a fierce reaction in the Romanian-language press, both in Hungarian-ruled Oradea, and in Iași and Bucharest. In particular, an article by C. A. Rosetti published repeatedly in Românul created a stir within Bucharest's diplomatic circles, and also drew notice from Vienna. A search at Arboroasa headquarters revealed compromising documents from societies in the Transylvanian cities of Blaj and Gherla, as well as in Vienna. It was during this prison stay that Porumbescu contracted the tuberculosis that would lead to his death. The trial drew notice from Mihai Eminescu, who wrote about what he considered the mistaken policies adopted by the imperial court at Vienna toward Bukovina's Romanians. Despite the acquittal, the ringleaders were placed under surveillance and expected to limit themselves to cultural manifestations. ==Notes==
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