Arbutus andrachne

Arbutus andrachne can reach a height of about . The smooth bark exfoliates during the summer, leaving a layer with a pistachio green colour, which changes gradually to an orange brown. The flowers bloom in spring and are white or yellowish green. Its fruits ripen in autumn. Their size is 1-1.2 cm. They are edible and taste somewhat sweet and astringent, rich in vitamin C, polyphenols, and natural sugars(16gr/100gr of fruit). The astringency is more pronounced when the fruit is not fully ripe. They are used to make jams and liqueurs. When left to dry in a cool place, are eaten as sweet, chewy candy. == Taxonomy ==

The etymology of the species name corresponds to the Ancient Greek word (), meaning "wild strawberry", and refers to the common name of the tree and to its fruits. == Horticulture ==

Arbutus andrachne was reported by Peter Collinson as having flowered first in England in Dr John Fothergill's extensive botanical garden and greenhouses at Upton House, Essex (now West Ham Park), in 1765. Hybrids • Arbutus x andrachnoides Link, 1821 is a hybrid between A. andrachne and A. unedo. • Arbutus x thuretiana Demoly, nothosp. nov. is a hybrid between A. andrachne and A. canariensis. A. x thuretiana is renowned for its perfectly smooth, reddish-brown bark, exfoliating in the spring to show a new, surprisingly pistachio-green bark, which gradually darkens and turns reddish again. == Uses ==

According to a research study published in 2017, the fruit's antioxidants contain a variety of chemicals that have a defensive effect against memory impairment where the antioxidants normalize the long- and short-term memory impairment caused from sleep deprivation. == In culture ==

A book about travel in the Middle East states of 15th-century travel writer Bertrandon de la Broquière:On leaving Bursa ... There was on the road a small tree bearing a fruit somewhat bigger than our largest cherries, and of the shape and taste of strawberries, but a little acid. It is pleasant to eat; but, if a great quantity be eaten, it mounts to the head, and intoxicates. It is ripe in November and December." Editor's footnote: "From the description, it seems to be the arbutus Andrachne.The tree is part of the flora of the Dibbeen Forest Reserve in Jordan. == Gallery ==

File:10.10.09 09 Arbutus near Matat.JPG|Plant of Arbutus andrachne File:Arbutus andrachne1.jpg|Flowers and leaves File:Arbutus andrachne2.jpg|Bark File:Arbutus andrachne fruit (Ab plant 98).jpg|Fruits File:Arbutus × andrachnoides in Hackfalls Arboretum (2).jpg|The hybrid Arbutus x andrachnoides File:Arbutus x thuretiana2-Clapiers-7636~2020 03 23.jpg|The hybrid Arbutus x thuretiana File:ArbutusAndrachneMar242023 03.jpg|Arbutus andrachne In Israel == References ==