Areolar gland

Areolar glands are round bumps found in the areola, and sometimes on the nipple. Variation The tubercles become more pronounced when the nipple is erect, and during pregnancy. The number of glands can vary greatly, usually averaging from 4 to 28 per breast. == Function ==

Areolar glands make oily secretions (lipoid fluid) that keep the areola and the nipple lubricated and protected. Volatile compounds in these secretions may also serve as an olfactory stimulus for newborn appetite. Areolar glands, particularly during pregnancy and lactation, emit odors that reliably prompt newborns to turn toward the breast and locate the nipple. Cleaning the breast or masking these scents makes it more difficult for newborns to find the nipple and obtain their critical first drink of immunoprotective colostrum. They can become exposed and raised when the nipple is stimulated. The skin over the surface opening is lubricated and tends to be smoother than the rest of the areola. == Clinical significance ==

Areolar glands may secrete excessive amounts of oil. This is a neutral condition that rarely represents any underlying problem, unlike the spontaneous flow of milk from the breast. == History ==

Areolar glands may also be called glands of Montgomery, or Montgomery tubercles. They are named after Dr. William Fetherstone Montgomery (1797–1859), an Irish obstetrician who first described them in 1837. == See also ==