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Arketamine

Arketamine (developmental code names PCN-101, HR-071603), also known as (R)-ketamine or (R)-(−)-ketamine, is the (R)-(−) enantiomer of ketamine. Similarly to racemic ketamine and esketamine, the S(+) enantiomer of ketamine, arketamine is biologically active; however, it is less potent as an NMDA receptor antagonist and anesthetic and thus has never been approved or marketed for clinical use as an enantiopure drug. Arketamine is currently in clinical development as a novel antidepressant.

Novel antidepressant
Arketamine appears to be more effective as a rapid-acting antidepressant than esketamine in preclinical research. As such, arketamine may have a lower propensity for producing psychotomimetic effects and a lower abuse potential in addition to superior antidepressant efficacy. Arketamine is an AMPA receptor agonist. Paradoxically, arketamine shows greater and longer-lasting rapid antidepressant effects in animal models of depression relative to esketamine. The picture is unclear however, and other mechanisms have also been implicated. ==Clinical development==
Clinical development
As of November 2019, arketamine is under development for the treatment of depression under the developmental code names PCN-101 by Perception Neuroscience in the United States and HR-071603 by Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine in China. Arketamine failed to show antidepressant effectiveness in a controlled phase 2a clinical trial. == See also ==
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