Development of Lady Gaga's third studio album,
Artpop, began shortly after the release of her second one,
Born This Way in 2011. By the following year, Gaga started collaborating with producers
Fernando Garibay and
DJ White Shadow. In the meantime, she began presenting tracks to her record company and hoped to announce the album's working title by September 2013; a revelation that was actually disclosed one month earlier. The artist later claimed that
Artpop was her first "real album" comparing herself to a "phoenix rising from the ashes", which reflected her heightened confidence in writing material for the album compared to her previous efforts. Gaga recruited artist
Jeff Koons for the project in early 2013; the two had met previously at a
Metropolitan Museum of Art fashion event three years earlier, where Gaga had a live performance. According to Koons, Gaga "just kind of grabbed ahold of me and gave me a big hug around my waist and replied, 'You know, Jeff, I've been such a fan of yours, and when I was a kid just hanging out in Central Park I would talk to my friends about your work'." In addition to
Interscope Records notifying mainstream media outlets about upcoming releases for
Artpop in July 2013, Gaga announced plans for a
multimedia software application which "combines music, art, fashion, and technology with a new interactive worldwide community." A public announcement, posted on July 12, 2013, revealed plans for an ArtRave event the night before the release of
Artpop, unveiling projects Gaga had been working on in collaboration with her creative team, the Haus of Gaga, Dutch photographer duo
Inez van Lamsweerde and Vinoodh Matadin, avant -garde theater director
Robert Wilson, performance artist
Marina Abramović, and Koons. The announcement featured Gaga covering her bare breasts with her arms, with her forearm "Artpop"
tattoo in plain sight, wearing a
visor designed by
London College of Fashion alumna Isabell Yalda Hellysaz. Another promotional image showed Gaga with long brown hair, sporting a pair of spectacles, sitting completely naked on a chair crafted from motherboards as she displays her unicorn thigh tattoo. ==Development and sponsors==