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Asa language

The Asa (Aasá) language, commonly rendered Aasax, is an Afroasiatic language formerly spoken by the Asa people of Tanzania. The language is extinct; ethnic Assa in northern Tanzania remember only a few words they overheard their elders use, and none ever used it themselves. Little is known of the language; what is recorded was probably Aasa lexical words used in a register of Maasai, similar to the mixed language Mbugu.

Classification
Asa is usually classified as Cushitic, most closely related to Kw'adza. However, it might have retained a non-Cushitic layer from an earlier language shift. The Aramanik (Laramanik) people once spoke Asa, but shifted to Nandi (as opposed to Maasai). ==Vocabulary==
Vocabulary
Asa is known from three primary sources: two vocabulary lists from 1904 and 1928, and a collection by W. C. Winter from 1974. The following are some example words of Asa, together with probable cognates identified in Kw'adza and Iraqw: • 'big': jira — Kw'adza dire • 'bird': širaʔa — Iraqw tsʼirʕi • 'louse': ʔita — Iraqw itirmo • 'blood': saʔaka — Kw'adza saʔuko • 'bone': farit — Kw'adza falaʔeto, Iraqw fara • 'horn': hadoŋ — Kw'adza xalinko, Iraqw xaraŋ • 'hair': seʔemuk — Iraqw seʔemi • 'head': sogok — Kw'adza sagiko, Iraqw saga • 'eye': ilat — Kw'adza ilito, Iraqw ila • 'mouth': afok — Kw'adza afuko, Iraqw afa • 'tongue': šeferank — Iraqw tsʼifraŋ • 'breast': isank — Iraqw isaŋ • 'heart': monok — Kw'adza munaku, Irawn muna • 'water': maʔa — Kw'adza maʔaya, Iraqw maʔay • 'sand': hajat — Kw'adza hasinko, Iraqw hasaŋ • 'stone': deʔok — Kw'adza tlʼaʔiko, Iraqw tlʼaʕano • 'to drink': wat- — Kw'adza wat-, Iraqw wah- • 'to eat': ʔag- — Kw'adza ag-, Iraqw ʕayim- • 'to lie': ʔat- — Kw'adza kʼat-, Iraqw qat- • 'to die': ga- — Kw'adza gwaʔ-, Iraqw gwa- • 'to kill': gas- — Kw'adza gaʔis-, Iraqw gas- • 'far': sanga — Kw'adza sagumu, Iraqw saw • 'near': šaya — Kw'adza tsʼahemi, Iraqw tsʼew Some loanwords in Asa from other languages are known: • 'three': samak and 'five': mut, from Datooga • 'dog': kite, from Chaga == Notes ==
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