Arutani language

Arutani is one of the most poorly attested extant languages in South America, and may be a language isolate. Existing data is limited to a 1911 word list by Koch-Grünberg (1928: 308-313), a 1940 word list by Armellada & Matallana (1942: 101-110), and a 100-item Swadesh list by Migliazza (1978). There is also an unpublished Swadesh list by Fèlix Cardona i Puig from the 1930s-1940s, as well as an unpublished 200-item Swadesh list by Walter Coppens from 1970. ==Sociolinguistic situation==

Traditionally, Arutani was spoken along the Paragua River and Uraricaá River in southern Venezuela and the northern tip of Roraima, Brazil. • Saúba (in Brazil): 1 speaker born in Venezuela who has family in Kavaimakén • Kosoiba (in the Upper Paragua River valley of Venezuela): 3 speakers • Kavaimakén (in the Upper Paragua River valley of Venezuela): 1 speaker • Colibri (in the Upper Paragua River valley of Venezuela): 1 speaker reported According to Loukotka (1968), it was once spoken on the southern banks of Maracá Island in the Rio Branco area. ==Language contact==

Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Jukude (Máku), Sape, Warao, Tikuna-Yuri, and Tukano language families due to contact. Lexical similarities with Tucanoan languages are mostly cultural loanwords. Arutani and Tucanoan languages also have completely different pronominal systems, and sound correspondences are irregular. Thus, similarities between them can be attributed to contact with Eastern Tucanoan. ==Phonology==

Consonants • may also be heard as a retroflex in free variation. • is heard as an allophone of . Vowels ==References==