Bab Guissa

A gate by this name had existed in this part of the city walls since at least the 11th century. That gate was named after a Zenata emir, (), who dominated the early city of ''al-'Aliya (on the Qarawiyyin quarter of Fes), in rivalry with his brother, el-Fetouh, who dominated the city of Madinat Fas'' (now the Andalous quarter) on the opposite shore of the river and who probably gave his name to another gate, Bab Ftouh. Soon after, the two cities were definitively joined into a single city with a single set of walls by the Almoravids, who conquered the city in 1069. These walls were destroyed in 1145 by the Almohad conqueror Abd al-Mu'min and then rebuilt by one of his successors, Muhammad al-Nasir, in 1212. Nonetheless, after the Almohads, the gate was restored by the Marinid sultan Abu Yusuf Ya'qub in the 13th century and was repaired or rebuilt in the 18th century after the destruction of the 1755 earthquake. == Description ==

The original monumental gate, still standing, has a bent entrance; its internal passage turns 90 degrees as it enters the city. An opening has since been created besides the gate to allow more direct passage, most likely in the early 20th century. The modest decoration on the original gate, made of stucco or plaster and likely dating from restorations, consists blind arches along the inner passage and the outline of a blind polylobed arch on the outer facade inside a rectangular, slightly canopied, frame. The area of Bab Guissa was historically known for a bird market as well as for the public performances of popular storytellers. Just inside the gate is the Bab Guissa Mosque and its adjoining madrasa, one of the important historic religious institutions of the city. Like with the other main gates of the old city (Bab Ftouh and Bab Mahrouk), a large cemetery stretches outside the city walls near the gate, known as the Bab Guissa Cemetery. Though not quite as extensive as the other two, the cemetery is also overlooked by the Marinid Tombs, a ruined Marinid royal necropolis from the 14th century. == References ==