The town's name is derived from an Aboriginal word meaning "high mountain" referring to nearby Mount Ramsay. Baralaba Post Office opened by April 1924 (a
receiving office had been open since about 1919). Lily State School opened in 1925 and closed circa 1927. St Patrick's Roman Catholic Church was designed by Roy Chipps of
Rockhampton. The timber church was built by R. L. Schofeld at a cost of £650. On Sunday 24 February 1935, the church was opened and consecrated by
Bishop Hayes. In May 1941, an Honour Board commemorating those who served in
World War II was unveiled at the
Returned and Services League of Australia Memorial Hall in Stopford Street (). Outside of the Memorial Hall is a white cross commemorating those who served in all wars and conflicts. In September 1945, a Methodist Ladies' Guild was established to raise funds for a Methodist church. In November 1945, two blocks of land were donated for the church. The land for Baralaba Methodist Church was consecrated in August 1948. In 1977, the Baralaba Methodist Church became Baralaba Uniting Church when the Methodist Church amalgamated into the Uniting Church in Australia. Two coal mines once operated in the Baralaba region. Both closed, but mining operations recommenced at one mine in 2005. The mobile library service commenced in 2004. == Demographics ==