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Baroque orchestra

A Baroque orchestra is an ensemble for mixed instruments that existed during the Baroque era of Western Classical music, commonly identified as 1600–1750. Baroque orchestras are typically much smaller, in terms of the number of performers, than their Romantic-era counterparts. Baroque orchestras originated in France where Jean-Baptiste Lully added the newly re-designed hautbois (oboe) and transverse flutes to his orchestra, Les Vingt-quatre Violons du Roi. As well as violins and woodwinds, baroque orchestras often contained basso continuo instruments such as the theorbo, the lute, the harpsichord and the pipe organ.

Early-music ensembles today
The term Baroque orchestra is commonly used today to refer to chamber orchestras giving historically informed performances of baroque or classical music on period Baroque instruments or replica instruments. The period-instrument revival of the 1970s inspired the development of the first period-instrument baroque orchestras, led by Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Gustav Leonhardt, Frans Bruggen and Terrence Holford. Since the 1970s many baroque orchestras have been formed across Europe, as well as some in North America. Baroque orchestras active in the 2010s include: • Academy of Ancient MusicAmerican Bach SoloistsAmsterdam Baroque OrchestraApollo’s Fire: The Cleveland Baroque OrchestraArcadia PlayersArion Baroque OrchestraLes Arts FlorissantsAtlanta Baroque OrchestraBarocco sempre giovaneBoston BaroqueBourbon Baroque: Louisville's Period Instrument Ensemble • La Chapelle RhénaneCollegium 1704Collegium MarianumConcerto ItalianoConcerto KölnThe English Baroque SoloistsThe English ConcertLes Esprits AnimauxEuropa GalanteFlorilegiumLa Folia BarockorchesterFreiburger BarockorchesterGöteborg BaroqueIl Giardino ArmonicoThe Hanover BandHespèrion XX and Hespèrion XXIIndianapolis Baroque OrchestraModo AntiquoMusica Antiqua KölnMusicians of the King's Road (Finnish: Kuninkaantien muusikot) • Netherlands Bach Society (Dutch: Nederlandse Bachvereniging) • New Dutch AcademyNew Trinity BaroqueNewport Baroque OrchestraOrchestra of the Age of EnlightenmentLes PaladinsPhilharmonia Baroque OrchestraPortland Baroque OrchestraTaverner Consort and PlayersTafelmusik Baroque OrchestraTempesta di Mare: The Philadelphia Baroque OrchestraVenice Baroque OrchestraWrocław Baroque Orchestra ==Instrumentation==
Instrumentation
Baroque orchestra ;Woodwinds: :2 Flutes :2 Oboes :2 Bassoons ;Brass: :2 Natural horns :2 Natural trumpets ;Percussion: :Timpani (e.g., Handel's Messiah) ;Keyboards and other chord-playing instruments selected by the ensemble leader : Harpsichord : Pipe organ : Lute : Theorbo ;Strings: :Violin I :Violin II :Viola :Violoncello :Double bass (and/or bass violones or other low-pitched bowed strings) ==Recordings of baroque music==
Recordings of baroque music
• Corelli Concerti Grossi • Antonio Vivaldi, Pietro Locatelli ==See also==
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