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Arne Sunde

Arne Toralf Sunde was a Norwegian politician, Olympic shooter and army officer. He is best known for his participation in the 1940 Norwegian Campaign, his participation in Nygaardsvold's Cabinet during its 1940–1945 exile in London and three years as a United Nations ambassador. Sunde was President of the United Nations Security Council in June 1949 and July 1950.

Before the Second World War
Personal life Arne Sunde was born on 6 December 1883 in the Norwegian capital Kristiania. His parents were Director General of the Norwegian State Railways, Member of Parliament and Minister of Finance Elias Sunde and his wife Benedicte Louise Tjersland. On 26 July 1916, Arne Sunde married Sigrid Nicoline Aubert Lie (called "Didi", or "Titti"). On the other hand, Sunde's wife's aunt was the mother of resistance member Tikken Manus. The couple had three sons by 1930. Sunde died in Oslo on 30 July 1972, aged 88. He participated in the Norwegian team in the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden. Sunde competed in the following events in 1912: Education and early career Sunde was educated in law and military studies, first graduating from Kristiania Cathedral School in 1902. From 1911 to 1912, he worked as a barrister and judge. In 1913, Sunde studied political science at the École Libre des Sciences Politiques in Paris. He then served as a district stipendiary magistrate () for Eiker, Modum and Sigdal District Court in Buskerud from 1913 to 1914. In 1916, Sunde was appointed adjunct military attaché to the Norwegian legation in Paris, and in 1919 he was an assistant in financial questions for the Norwegian legation during the negotiations leading up to the Treaty of Versailles. From 1918, he served as an infantry captain in the Norwegian Army 2nd Division. Between 1917 and 1920, Sunde worked for Det Norske A/S for Elektrokemisk Industri, as a legal advisor and . In the same time period he was the secretary of the Norwegian State Financial Council (), and from 1922 he served as a barrister at the Supreme Court. From 1920 to 1921, he was secretary during the Norwegian treaty negotiations with the so-called "wine countries" (France, Spain and Portugal) with regards to the Norwegian prohibition. In 1924, he was a board member of the bank Den Norske Handelsbank and a member of the administrative board of the Bank of Norway. Arne Sunde was among a number of prominent Norwegians to sign a declaration calling on Norway's conservative parties to approach King Haakon VII and ask him to request that Nansen form a government of national unity to replace Lykke's Cabinet. In 1929 Sunde became deputy mayor of Aker, where he now lived. He advanced to mayor of the same municipality in 1930, and serving until 1931 with the exception of his Minister of Justice period. when the Agrarian Kolstad's Cabinet took over. He was a member of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights. Supreme Court Justice and banker After his initial political career Sunde first served for one year as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Norway before taking up banking, holding the position of the head of the Oslo office of the bank Bergens Privatbank ==Second World War==
Second World War
transport aircraft downed at Dombås. Norwegian Campaign Arne Sunde, a major in the reserves, participated in the fighting following the German invasion of Norway. The German force had been tasked with cutting the rail and road links between the port of Åndalsnes in Western Norway and the Gudbrandsdal valley to the south-east. By 19 April, the leader of the German force, Oberleutnant Herbert Schmidt, asked for a negotiated surrender, but was rejected by Sunde. Major Sunde demanded an unconditional surrender within 10 minutes or else he would resume the artillery bombardment of the surrounded German positions. Nine and a half minutes later the around 150 remaining German Fallschirmjäger soldiers surrendered to the Norwegian forces led by Sunde. The transport of the gold from the Bank of Norway central bank headquarters in Oslo had been guarded by troops led by his brother, Bjørn Sunde, who was also a major in the Norwegian Army. as one of two new councillors not from the Labour Party, the other being the Agrarian Party's Anders Fjeldstad. At the time of the altercation Sunde was one of the leading candidates to take over the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, but was instead given the Ministry of Provisioning after Trygve Lie left that position to become Minister of Foreign Affairs. ==Post-war==
Post-war
Dissolving Nortraship Having left the government in 1945, Sunde's first task after the Second World War was to in 1946 head the last board of Nortraship, tasked with dissolving the company. led the meeting that adopted the United Nations Security Council Resolution 84, recommending United Nations member states to assist the Republic of Korea in resisting the invasion initiated some two weeks earlier by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The resolution paved the way for a United States-led UN force in the Korean War. During the negotiations leading up to the resolution Sunde clashed with US ambassador Warren R. Austin, Austin offending Sunde to such a degree that one observer believed that personal relations between the US and Norwegian delegations had been "irreconcilably damaged". At the time the Secretary-General of the United Nations was the Norwegian Trygve Lie and Norway was a non-permanent member of the Security Council. Sunde had also been the UN Security Council President in June 1949. When he was interviewed on his 80th birthday in 1964 Sunde stated that he viewed his time on the Security Council as the absolute high point of his life. ==Post-Korean War==
Post-Korean War
From 1953 to 1958, Sunde chaired NATO's control commission on the expenses of jointly financed military installations. ==Honours==
Honours
By 1935, Sunde had been awarded Haakon VII's Jubilee Medal 1905–1930, been made a Chevalier of the French Légion d'honneur and an Officer of the Portuguese Order of Christ. He was later decorated Commander with Star of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav, and given the Defence Medal 1940–1945 and the French Croix de guerre. A small junction of paths near the river Lysakerelva has been named Arne Sundes plass, "Arne Sunde's square". ==References==
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