On 20 February 1856,
Lieutenant Frederick E. B. Beaumont of the
Royal Engineers was granted a British patent for improvements to the
Adams revolver which allowed them to be cocked and fired either by manually cocking the hammer as in
single-action revolvers or by just pulling the trigger. Beaumont was granted a US Patent (no. 15,032) on 3 June of the same year. File:001 beaumont1856patent.jpg File:002 beaumont1856patent.jpg File:003 beaumont1856patent.jpg File:British Army Mark III Model of 1872.JPG|British Army Mark III, Model of 1872 At that time there was intense competition between Adams and
Colt, which was rapidly expanding its sales and had opened a London factory competing with the British firearms trade, manufacturing firearms with interchangeable parts. The older 1851 and 1854
Adams revolvers were self-cocking, also known as double-action. The Adams revolver was favoured by British officers in the
Crimean War and colonial conflicts due to the stopping power of its larger 54 bore (.442 cal) bullet (compared with their main competitor, the smaller .36 cal Colt Navy revolvers), and the speed of the Adams trigger-cocking action for close-quarters fighting (over the more cumbersome Colt action). Holland and Russia following soon after. To meet the growing demand for its weapons, Deane, Adams & Deane contracted companies in Birmingham and Liége to manufacture their weapons under licence. The new revolver gave Robert Adams a strong competitive advantage and
Samuel Colt shut his London factory due to a drop in sales. In the US, the
Massachusetts Arms Company was licensed to manufacture about 19,000 units of the revolver in .36 calibre, of which about 1,750 were purchased by the
Union Army at the beginning of the
American Civil War. They also made a pocket version in .31 calibre. In 1867, Robert Adams' brother John Adams patented a breech-loading revolver which was adopted by the British government in place of the Beaumont–Adams. It was a solid frame pistol with six chambers, in .450 caliber. After official acceptance of his pistol, Adams left the London Armoury Company and established his own factory, the Adams Patent Small Arms Company. His pistol was manufactured in three distinct variations (differences related mainly to methods of spent cartridge ejection) between 1867 and about 1880. The models were tested and adopted by the British Army and Navy, with the last, the M1872 Mark III, seeing the widest use. The John Adams revolver remained the official sidearm of the British Army until replaced by the Enfield Mark I in 1880. ==References==