The latest version 4.1 of the Berlin procedure is distinguished from other commonly used decomposition and seasonal adjustment methods (i.e.
X-12-ARIMA) by the following characteristic features: • The procedure works well even with time series showing strongly changing seasonal patterns. • Trend-cycles are depicted plausibly in terms of economic points of view. • The cost-benefit ratio is low as the user does not need special training or even expert knowledge or long-term experience with the procedure to make high-quality analyses. • On principle the analysis results do not depend on the respective user since there is no need to determine any series-specific parameters of the procedure. • As
linear regression models are used, on principle there are no differences between indirect and direct analysis results of aggregate series. == External links ==