Goswami is known to have been the first to measure the predictability of tropical climate using coupled ocean-atmosphere system and his studies have widened the understanding of the monsoon dynamics. The principal areas of his studies have been
geophysical fluid dynamics and tropical air-sea interactions and he identified a
radiative-convective-dynamical feedback mechanism for generating the northward propagating 30-50 day mode, reported to be a first time find. and the article has a citation count of over 2405. for quantifying the seasonal mean monsoon assisted in the development of an extended range prediction system.
ResearchGate and
Google Scholar, two online repositories of scientific articles, have listed 223 and 323 of them respectively. He has also mentored 10 scholars in their studies of which five were doctoral researchers. He was involved in several projects of various government agencies such as the
Department of Science and Technology,
National Disaster Management Authority, Science and Engineering Research Council and Indian Climate Research Programme and was associated with the
World Climate Research Programme as a member of their National Committee (1995–97) and the CLIVAR Monsoon Panel (1999–2002). He sat in the science education panel (2004–06) and the council (2010–12) of the Indian Academy of Sciences and served as the secretary of the
Indian Meteorological Society during 1996–2000 where he is a life member. He is also a member of the
American Meteorological Society and has served as a member of the editorial boards of science journals such as
Current Science, Mausam,
International Journal of Climatology and Planet Earth. == Awards and honors ==