's face has often been described as a "resting bitch face", which she has acknowledged. The term has become widely referred to in the media. It has made its way into lifestyle and fashion magazines for women such as
Cosmopolitan and
Elle, and been mentioned in published literature, both fiction and non-fiction.
Hadley Freeman wrote that since it appeared in the Broken People video, it had enjoyed a stratospheric rise, and pointed out that the male equivalent term "resting asshole face" (RAF) highlighted in that video had not received the same degree of comment.
New York University psychologist Jonathan Freeman carried out a study showing that slightly angry facial expressions makes other people think someone is untrustworthy. In a 2014 article in the journal
Philological Quarterly, paper author Chloé Hogg asserted that the phenomenon was not new, and offered
Hyacinthe Rigaud's portrait of
Louis XIV of France depicting his "bitchy resting face". Degrees of resting bitch face can vary greatly. In 2015,
CBS News reported that some plastic surgeons were using plastic surgery to help patients with RBF. In October 2015, scientists from the company Noldus Information Technology used their FaceReader software to analyze the faces of celebrities like
Kanye West,
Kristen Stewart,
Anna Kendrick, and
Queen Elizabeth II, notable public figures who have been known to occasionally wear a less-than-pleased expression. ==See also==