Bozal Spanish

Bozal is the Spanish word for "muzzle", and shares its etymology with the word bosal. In their New World colonies, the Spaniards distinguished between negros ladinos ("Latinate Negroes", those who had spent more than a year in a Spanish-speaking territory) and negros bozales (wild, untamed Negroes; those born in or freshly arrived from Africa). Similarly, the Portuguese distinguished between (tamed, domesticated Indians) and (untamed, wild Indians), and between or (Black creoles born in the territory of a European empire) and or (blacks born in Africa) ( has now become the main anti-black slur in Brazilian Portuguese, whereas the Spanish cognate, criollo came to refer to Hispanoamerican whites and castizos). ==Historic use==

Bozal Spanish was spoken by African slaves in Cuba, Uruguay and other areas of South and Central America from the 17th century up until its possible extinction at around 1850. Although Bozal Spanish is extinct as a language, its influence still exists. Similarly, many songs of the afro genre, which flourished in Cuba in the 1930s and '40s, contain lyrics reminiscent of the language. In Puerto Rico esclavos bozales were slaves ("esclavos") brought from Africa, as opposed to those born in Puerto Rico from slaves. Such slaves spoke different languages, other than Spanish, which they eventually learned while enslaved. These slaves were primarily used in the fields and agriculture as opposed to those born under bondage who were generally used in domestic chores. ==See also==