Supreme Court of Queensland

The Supreme Court of Queensland was founded on 7 August 1861, with the assent of the Supreme Court Constitution Amendment Act 1861 (Qld). Two subsequent pieces of legislation, including the Additional Judge Act 1862 (Qld) and the Supreme Court Act 1863 (Qld), were also necessary to establish the court's operating system. Prior to separation of Queensland from New South Wales, the former naval officer, Captain John Clements Wickham, tried minor crimes in the Moreton Bay District. More serious cases were tried at the Supreme Court of New South Wales in Sydney. Two years before separation from New South Wales, the Moreton Bay Supreme Court Act 1857 (NSW) established the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in the Moreton Bay District and Samuel Milford served as Judge. Milford resigned in February 1859, and was replaced by Alfred Lutwyche. It was subsequently demolished, and in 1976, it was replaced with a building designed by Bligh Jessup Bretnall and was opened by Queensland Governor Sir James Ramsay on 3 September 1981. Vasta was found to be not "a fit and proper person to continue in office" after giving false evidence to an investigation related to the Fitzgerald Inquiry. In 2008, a $600 million building program began to create a new Brisbane Supreme Court and District Court building, designed by Architectus Brisbane, led by Prof John Hockings. The building is known as the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law and was officially opened on Friday 3 August 2012 by Queensland Governor Penelope Wensley. It incorporates a public plaza and links to the existing Brisbane Magistrates Court building. The precinct occupies an entire city block between George, Roma, and Turbot streets. ==Composition==

In 1991 the Queensland Supreme Court was restructured into two divisions, the Trial Division and the Court of Appeal. The Court is headed by the Chief Justice of Queensland (currently Chief Justice Helen Bowskill) who sits in both the Trial Division and the Court of Appeal. The Court of Appeal comprises the President (currently President Debra Mullins) and four Judges of Appeal, who sit only in the Court of Appeal. Proceedings in the Court of Appeal are usually heard by three judges. The Trial Division comprises a number of trial judges and is headed by the Senior Judge Administrator (currently Justice Ann Lyons). Proceedings in the Trial Division are heard by one trial judge. Most trial division judges also rotate through the Court of Appeal, usually for three week periods. Appeals from: • The Trial Division is heard by the Court of Appeal; and • The Court of Appeal is heard by the High Court of Australia. The Court of Appeal also hears appeals from the District Court of Queensland. Judges of the Court are: Noted former judges • The Honourable Paul de Jersey AC, who later became Chief Justice of Queensland and Governor of Queensland • Catherine Holmes AC, first female Chief Justice of Queensland. • Sir James Blair, who later became Chief Justice of Queensland, lieutenant-governor of Queensland, Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) • Sir Walter Campbell, who later became Governor of Queensland • Sir James Cockle, the first Chief Justice of Queensland • Peter Connolly • Edward Archibald Douglas, son of Queensland Premier, John Douglas • Robert Johnstone Douglas, son of Queensland Premier, John Douglas • Sir Harry Gibbs, who later became Chief Justice of Australia • Sir Samuel Griffith, who later became the first Chief Justice of Australia • Alfred Lutwyche, first judge • Thomas McCawley • Sir Edward Williams • Sir William Webb, later appointed to the High Court of Australia and served as President of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East • Angelo Vasta, the first Superior Court judge removed from office through an act of Parliament ==Facilities==

The Supreme Court sits mainly in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Brisbane, which also houses the District Court. The court began operating out of this facility on 27 August 2012, prior to which it was located in the Law Courts Complex. The court also has judges permanently appointed to sit in Rockhampton, Townsville and Cairns, and regularly sits in other regional districts. ==See also==