Brownfield, Texas

In 1903, town promoters W. G. Hardin and A. F. Small purchased the county's central lot, platted the site, and named the town after the Brownfield ranching family. To boost chances of becoming the county seat, they granted a lot to every county voter. The town's early years saw the construction of essential structures, including the courthouse, school, and churches. Hill's Hotel became the first business, housing the inaugural post office. On June 28, 1904, Brownfield secured the county seat designation, narrowly defeating Gomez in an election. The Brownfield State Bank opened in 1905, serving multiple counties and parts of eastern New Mexico. ==Geography==

According to the United States Census Bureau, Brownfield has an area of , 0.32% of which is covered by water. Brownfield lies in the center of Terry County, in the southern portion of the South Plains and Llano Estacado. The city rests on a windblown deposit called the Blackwater Draw Formation, which is underlain by a thick layer of caliche, referred to locally as the "caprock". Beneath the caliche layer lies fluvial deposits called the Ogallala Formation, which contains a portion of the Ogallala Aquifer. The Caprock Escarpment, about 50 miles east, forms a precipitous drop of about and exposes various geologic layers. In early days, climbing the Caprock Escarpment was not easy for horse-drawn covered wagons. The only terrain variation lies at the south end of the city, where Lost Draw carves a channel that runs across the entire county. Lost Draw formed over 10,000 years ago at the end of the last ice age, when the climate of the area was much wetter. When the vast glaciers of the north retreated, they left numerous dry river channels crisscrossing the Llano Estacado. When settlers during the 1800s ventured across this area, they often went into these channels expecting to find water, but unless significant rains had occurred recently, their search was in vain, with many of the parties becoming "lost", hence the name, Lost Draw. The most notable geographic feature of Brownfield is its red soil. The soil creates an almost iridescent red color during sunrise and sunset due to the high iron oxide content. ==Climate==

Brownfield lies in a semiarid temperate zone, where high winds and extreme temperature variations are the norm. The summers reach over for multiple consecutive days. The winters often fall below freezing for extended periods, but snow remains unusual due to very little precipitation forming in the winter. The most significant time of the year for weather events starts in March and runs through September, when severe thunderstorms form on the Great Plains. Rain, winds, hail, and a few tornadoes are to be expected at this time of year. Late thunderstorms that produce hail are significantly harmful to the local economy, as it destroys the local cotton crop. {{Weather box | width = auto | collapsed = yes | single line = yes | location = Brownfield, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1953–present) | Jan record high F = 84 | Feb record high F = 87 | Mar record high F = 97 | Apr record high F = 102 | May record high F = 110 | Jun record high F = 111 | Jul record high F = 109 | Aug record high F = 109 | Sep record high F = 104 | Oct record high F = 101 | Nov record high F = 89 | Dec record high F = 82 | year record high F = | Jan avg record high F = 75.0 | Feb avg record high F = 79.9 | Mar avg record high F = 86.8 | Apr avg record high F = 91.9 | May avg record high F = 98.8 | Jun avg record high F = 103.0 | Jul avg record high F = 101.8 | Aug avg record high F = 100.5 | Sep avg record high F = 97.4 | Oct avg record high F = 92.1 | Nov avg record high F = 82.7 | Dec avg record high F = 75.1 | year avg record high F = 105.0 | Jan high F = 55.1 | Feb high F = 59.9 | Mar high F = 68.2 | Apr high F = 76.6 | May high F = 84.5 | Jun high F = 92.2 | Jul high F = 93.6 | Aug high F = 92.5 | Sep high F = 85.2 | Oct high F = 76.4 | Nov high F = 64.3 | Dec high F = 55.8 | year high F = 75.4 | Jan mean F = 40.9 | Feb mean F = 44.8 | Mar mean F = 52.7 | Apr mean F = 60.6 | May mean F = 70.0 | Jun mean F = 78.3 | Jul mean F = 80.6 | Aug mean F = 79.3 | Sep mean F = 72.0 | Oct mean F = 61.8 | Nov mean F = 49.9 | Dec mean F = 41.9 | year mean F = 61.1 | Jan low F = 26.7 | Feb low F = 29.7 | Mar low F = 37.2 | Apr low F = 44.6 | May low F = 55.5 | Jun low F = 64.5 | Jul low F = 67.5 | Aug low F = 66.1 | Sep low F = 58.7 | Oct low F = 47.3 | Nov low F = 35.6 | Dec low F = 28.0 | year low F = 46.8 | Jan avg record low F = 14.7 | Feb avg record low F = 17.1 | Mar avg record low F = 22.0 | Apr avg record low F = 31.1 | May avg record low F = 41.6 | Jun avg record low F = 56.0 | Jul avg record low F = 61.7 | Aug avg record low F = 60.0 | Sep avg record low F = 47.0 | Oct avg record low F = 32.0 | Nov avg record low F = 21.1 | Dec avg record low F = 14.9 | year avg record low F = 10.7 | Jan record low F = -8 | Feb record low F = -1 | Mar record low F = 8 | Apr record low F = 22 | May record low F = 27 | Jun record low F = 45 | Jul record low F = 53 | Aug record low F = 52 | Sep record low F = 36 | Oct record low F = 15 | Nov record low F = 4 | Dec record low F = -1 | year record low F = | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation inch = 0.69 | Feb precipitation inch = 0.62 | Mar precipitation inch = 1.07 | Apr precipitation inch = 1.31 | May precipitation inch = 2.20 | Jun precipitation inch = 2.67 | Jul precipitation inch = 1.94 | Aug precipitation inch = 1.80 | Sep precipitation inch = 2.56 | Oct precipitation inch = 1.57 | Nov precipitation inch = 0.88 | Dec precipitation inch = 0.74 | year precipitation inch = 18.05 | unit precipitation days = 0.01 in | Jan precipitation days = 3.4 | Feb precipitation days = 3.3 | Mar precipitation days = 3.8 | Apr precipitation days = 3.5 | May precipitation days = 5.7 | Jun precipitation days = 6.5 | Jul precipitation days = 5.2 | Aug precipitation days = 5.7 | Sep precipitation days = 6.2 | Oct precipitation days = 5.2 | Nov precipitation days = 3.7 | Dec precipitation days = 3.3 | year precipitation days = 55.5 | Jan snow inch = 1.4 | Feb snow inch = 1.2 | Mar snow inch = 0.3 | Apr snow inch = 0.0 | May snow inch = 0.0 | Jun snow inch = 0.0 | Jul snow inch = 0.0 | Aug snow inch = 0.0 | Sep snow inch = 0.0 | Oct snow inch = 0.1 | Nov snow inch = 0.8 | Dec snow inch = 1.2 | year snow inch = 5.0 | unit snow days = 0.1 in | Jan snow days = 1.0 | Feb snow days = 1.0 | Mar snow days = 0.2 | Apr snow days = 0.1 | May snow days = 0.0 | Jun snow days = 0.0 | Jul snow days = 0.0 | Aug snow days = 0.0 | Sep snow days = 0.0 | Oct snow days = 0.1 | Nov snow days = 0.5 | Dec snow days = 0.8 | year snow days = 3.7 | source = NOAA ==Economy==

Cotton farming is the backbone of Brownfield. Cotton fields stretch for miles, and the harvest season in October has harvesters (locally called cotton strippers), module builders, and module trucks all over the county. A haze develops over the city as the local cotton gins go to work stripping the cotton from the burr, separating the seeds, and then compressing the cotton into 500-lb bales. The haze is actually fine cotton dust, and sometimes small drifts develop in the street resembling snow mixed with red soil. Peanut growing has found a toehold on the economy, as have vineyards. In recent years, grape growing has made Terry County a producer of wine grapes used as filler for inexpensive wines. Several wineries are now established in the county, which produce average-to-poor quality wine according to numerous reviews and wine review aggregator websites. Local farmers, ranchers, and landowners began growing grapes here as early as 1950, with a few new wineries near the city due to the repeal of fully dry county status in 2008. Several older and more notable wineries are in the Lubbock area, about 30 miles northeast. Oil production continues to drop from its previous levels in the 1980s. According to current trends, Terry County and Brownfield will continue to decline significantly in oil production and importance in West Texas. Wal-Mart chose to not renew their lease on their facility on the eastern edge of town, saying the town was not sufficiently economically viable for them to continue to operate. The Jim Rudd Unit, a state prison, opened in 1995. ==Demographics==

Brownfield and Terry County have one of the highest rates of teen pregnancy in Texas. The teen pregnancy rate is 98.1 out of 1000, more than double the national average. Brownfield has an extremely high sexually transmitted infection rate of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and most notably syphilis, which is much higher than the state average (7.8 per 100,000). 2020 census As of the 2020 census, Brownfield had a population of 8,936, 3,035 households, and 2,086 families; the median age was 35.7 years, 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18, and 15.4% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 107.7 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 108.0 males. 92.2% of residents lived in urban areas, while 7.8% lived in rural areas. Of the 3,035 households in Brownfield, 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 45.6% were married-couple households, 17.5% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 30.0% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. Of the 3,176 households, 34.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were not families. About 24% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.19. In the city, the population was distributed as 27.2% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $26,504, and for a family was $32,076. Males had a median income of $23,637 versus $19,628 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,854. About 21.8% of families and 26.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 38.7% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over. Brownfield is served by a weekly newspaper, nearby stations KBXJ (FM) and KPET (AM), and the various Lubbock radio and TV stations. KKUB (AM) and KTTU-FM are licensed to Brownfield, but operate primarily from offices and studios in Lubbock. ==Crime==

As of 2019, violent and property crime rates were higher in Brownfield than the national average. Brownfield News publisher, former head of the Brownfield Industrial Development Corporation (BIDCorps), and 1997 Brownfield High School graduate, Brian Brisendine, was convicted of receipt and distribution of child pornography, and sentenced to 12 years in federal prison on September 8, 2022. Brisendine admitted to trading images of child sexual abuse online since 2014. He admitted to viewing between 5,000 and 10,000 videos and images of child sexual abuse with children as young as four months old. ==Education==

The City of Brownfield is served by the Brownfield Independent School District, ranked 899 out of 932 districts in Texas and receiving a zero-star rating. Brownfield ISD is considered a historically low-performing school district with abnormally high teacher turnover according to the local newspaper. For the 2012–2013 school year, Brownfield High School State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness test scores resulted in the following student passing scores: • 23% of students passed writing • 45% of students passed algebra • 67% of students passed biology • 54% of students passed chemistry • 48% of students passed reading • 19% of students passed geography For the 2021–2022 school year, Brownfield High School was ranked among the bottom 15% of all high schools in Texas, placing 1414th out of 1861. For the 2024-2025 school year, Brownfield High School test results show that only 27% of the student population showed proficiency in math and reading. ==Media==

• KHLK: Christian FM station • KKUB: Spanish-language Catholic AM station • KPBB: Former Spanish-language Christian FM station ==Transportation==

Brownfield, situated at the crossroads of U.S. highways 62, 82, 380, and 385, as well as Texas State Highway 137. The West Texas and Lubbock Railway connects the area to Lubbock. ==Dry county status==

Several town meetings were held in 2008 to discuss the issue of selling beer and wine in Terry County. On November 4, a majority of registered voters voted to legalize the sale of beer and wine in Terry County (1533 for, 1211 against). ==See also==