In the
Early Middle Ages, much of modern Hungary was often under the rule of the
First Bulgarian Empire. The popular Bulgarian ruler
Krum may have been born in
Pannonia, and Bulgarian dukes like
Salan,
Glad,
Ahtum,
Sermon and
Menumorut are mentioned as the lords of
Syrmia,
Banat,
Bačka and parts of
Transylvania proper in the 9th-11th centuries according to the
Gesta Hungarorum. The northern Hungarian town of
Szentendre and the surrounding villages were inhabited by Bulgarians since the
Middle Ages. In the 18th century, Szentendre had a Bulgarian neighbourhood of settlers from
Chiprovtsi and a "Chiprovtsi church", indicating refugees from the time of the
Chiprovtsi Uprising. A village near
Visegrád was called
Bolgár falu ("Bulgarian village") in the 16th century; Bulgarian refugees fleeing the
Ottoman rule are first mentioned as inhabitants of this area on 30 December 1428. Gradually, however, these Bulgarians were assimilated into the Magyar population. A number of
Roman Catholic Banat Bulgarians settled in what is today Hungary as a secondary migration, establishing an early and small Banat Bulgarian community in Hungary. In Bulgarian interwar publications, their number is rounded and possibly overestimated at 10,000. However, the Bulgarian ethnic community is largely descended from
gardeners and other professionals who migrated to
Austria-Hungary in large groups in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, Since then, the Bulgarian community has diversified to a great extent. A Bulgarian newspaper,
Balgarski vesti, and a Bulgarian magazine,
Hemus, are published by the Bulgarian community, as well as various books. There exist a number of folk dance groups, a theatre, several orchestras, a Bulgarian school for the native language and a Bulgarian-Hungarian secondary school for languages named after
Hristo Botev. File:Bolgartemplom.JPG|The
Bulgarian Orthodox Church of
Saints Cyril and Methodius in
Ferencváros, Budapest () File:Hriszto Botev Bolgár-Magyar Általános Iskola és Gimnázium. - Budapest VI. Bajza u. 44.jpg|The
Hristo Botev Bulgarian–Hungarian secondary school in
Budapest File:Mamakov.jpg|The Bulgarian Orthodox Church of Saints Cyril and Methodius == Number and share ==